Biomes Unit Test

1. Biomes Unit Test Review

2. Which of these best describes biomes? A. large ecosystems that have distinctive organisms and a particular climate B. a group of individuals of the same species that live together in the same area C. a system made up of parts that work together D. external conditions that affect an organism

3. What primary factors determine the type of biome that can become established in a geographic location? • Average annual temperatures • Latitude • Geographical features (mountains, large bodies of water, etc. • Annual Precipitation • Altitude

4. Which biome is marked by the number 1? Tundra Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

5. Which biome is marked by the number 2? Taiga or Boreal Forest Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

6. Which biome is marked by the number 3? Grassland Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

7. Which biome is marked by the number 4? Desert Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

8. Which biome is marked by the number 5? Temperate Deciduous Forest Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

9. Which biome is marked by the number 6? Tropical Rainforest Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

10. Which biome is marked by the number 7? Alpine Tundra Tundra Desert Grassland Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest

11. Which terrestrial biome has the greatest biodiversity? • Tropical Rainforest • Temperate deciduous forest • Taiga (Boreal Forest) • Tundra

12. Jade and her family go camping in a forested area in the eastern U.S. While sightseeing, they see a family of raccoons, several whitetail deer, a gray fox, and even a black bear feeding in a blueberry field. In what biome are they most likely camping? • Tropical Rainforest • Desert • Temperate Deciduous Forest • Taiga

13. Heavy rainfall and uneven, hilly terrain in the tropical rainforest biome causes nutrients on the forest floor to be washed away quickly. How have tropical rainforest plants adapted to this environmental issue? • They have deep roots that can reach nutrients stored underground. • The roots of all TRF plants have nitrogen-fixing bacteria that provide them with all the nutrients they need • They have wide-spreading roots that are near the surface that are able to absorb nutrients quickly before they wash away.

14. Which animal adaptations would be the most useful in the tundra biome? • a. Thick fur and fat/blubber • b. Ability to migrate from the tundra in winter. • c. Ability to eat rough foods like lichen or moss. • d. Ability to change color in winter (to white) • e. All of the above

15. If Rakim wanted to study biodiversity in the tropical rainforest, which type of work station would be best suited for making observations? • a. A treehouse or platform connected by rope or steel cable bridges. • b. A hidden blind on the forest floor. • c. A small wooden structure in plain view to prevent animals from attacking.

16. In which biome would you most likely find plants with the following characteristics? • Small waxy leaves to prevent water loss through transpiration. • Widespread roots to absorb water quickly before it evaporates. • Deep tap roots to reach groundwater. • Tropical Rainforest • Tundra • Desert • All of the above

17. While driving his Jeep through the Sonoran Desert in the middle of the day, Jake complains that he hasn’t seen hardly any animals roaming throughout the cacti and other vegetation. What is the most likely explanation for the lack of animals? • a. An abundance of predators has completely depleted the population of smaller animals. • b. Most of the animals will be in burrows or in shade during the day. • c. Due to the high heat. Lack of water, and dangerous UV rays, deserts cannot support life.

18. The shaded area on this map of North America shows the range of moose habitat. Based on this map, moose are most likely found in what biome? Temperate Deciduous Forest Tropical Rainforest Taiga Grassland

19. Which terrestrial biome experiences the most dramatic change in animal populations between its summer and winter? The tundra because of the huge migration of waterfowl like ducks, geese, swans, and cranes. Grasslands because most animals leave the grasslands in the winter and return in the spring. Deserts because most desert animals leave the desert in the early summer and return once the weather cools down a bit.

20. -packrats 5 sidewinder rattlesnake 1 collared lizard 3 horned lizard 8 coyotes 2 • Sydney found an old science journal that belonged to her grandfather in her attic. On one page was a tally of animals he had observed on one trip he had taken as a young man: • Which geographical region was he most likely visiting when he collected this tally? Tropical rainforest Temperate deciduous forest Tropical grassland Desert

21. In the 16th and 17th centuries, horses escaped from Spanish explorers and developed into wild herds that did especially well in the North American Great Plains region. Why were these horses able to adapt so well to this region? • There were no predators on the plains that could take down large animals like horses or bison (buffalo.) • b. The ancestors of these horses were native to the steppes of Asia (grasslands), so these wild horses were well adapted to the North American grasslands. • c. Wild horses eat primarily leaves from small shrubs or bushes, and the North American grasslands used to have an abundance of these types of plants. • d. All of the above

22. The tundra and the desert biomes both receive about the same amount of annual precipitation. During the short summer, the tundra is dotted with thousands of small ponds and shallow, slow moving streams while the desert seldom holds little if any visible surface water. What is the best explanation for this? • Permafrost prevents the water from draining into the soil. • b. The low angle of the sun results in very slow evaporation. • c. The tundra is relatively flat, so most of the water does not drain away into rivers. • d. All of the above

23. Which geographical region experiences several weeks each year where the sun never rises above the horizon? a. The Gobi Desert b. The Arctic Tundra c. The Amazon Rainforest d. All of the above, depending upon the season.

24. The Camel’s Hump is a mountain in Vermont that is only a few miles from where Mr. Moore’s parents have a house. As Mr. Moore and his family start their hike up Camel’s Hump, they pass through glades of broadleaf, deciduous trees like sugar maple and red maple. Two-thirds of the way up, most of the trees are small conifers like spruce and balsam fir. Eventually they reach an altitude where there are no more trees but there are small patches of small grass, lichens, and moss. What three “biomes” did the Moore’s experience during their hike? • temperate deciduous forest- taiga like coniferous forests- tundra (alpine tundra). • b. grasslandtropical rainforest arctic tundra • c. grasslandtemperate deciduous forestarctic tundra

25. If you had the opportunity to fly around the earth above the Equator, what terrestrial features would you spend most of your time observing? Amazon rainforest Congo Rainforest Indonesian Rainforest temperate forest tropical rainforest alpine tundra

26. Epiphytes are plants like bromeliads and orchids that grow high up on the trunks or branches of large trees. Where would be the best location to observe a wide diversity of epiphytes? The canopy in the Amazonian Rainforest Areas of Taiga in Northern Siberia The steppes of central Asia. All of the above will have many species of epiphytes.

27. This biome is characterized by areas of open grassland with very few trees. Several large land animals inhabit this biome including elephants, giraffes, zebras, and rhinoceros. The Mongolian steppes The African Savanna The Great Plains The Amazon Rainforest.

28. The populations of grassland animals in North America and Africa have decreased dramatically over the past two hundred years. What is the main reason for this decline? a. Climate change has transformed most of the grasslands into desert b. Primarily loss of habitat to ranching and farming. c. A dramatic increase in the number of predators in the Great Plains. d. All of the above

29. Which biome has the distinction of having the lowest average temperature AND the lowest annual precipitation? Temperate grasslands of Central Asia The prairies of North and South Dakota The Boreal Forest belt in Siberia The tundra of Northern Canada

30. Emily Olive and her family are discussing a family trip this summer. They want to see as many different species of plants and animals as possible. If you were the family’s travel agent, which of the following regions would you suggest to see the greatest diversity of plants and animals? Sarstoon-Temash National Rainforest in Belize The Kalahari Desert of southern Africa Denali National Park in part of Alaska’s tundra region. The Kola-Korelian temperate forests of eastern Russia.

31. Which of the following animals can be found in the tundra year-round? musk ox, Canada geese, black bears, bullfrogs, water moccasins, and hummingbirds. caribou/reindeer, lemmings, musk oxen, ptarmigans, Arctic foxes, Arctic hares snow geese, mallard ducks, Arctic wolf, anole lizard Whitetail deer, moose, Arctic hares, Arctic wolves, raccoons, and lemmings

32. A pharmaceutical company wishes to send a team of scientists to the Congo Basin in Africa to meet with tribal healers from various rainforest tribes. What is the most likely purpose for this visit? To negotiate a contract for timber rights in the rainforest To discuss where to establish pharmacies in villages near the rainforest. To discuss the healing properties of certain rainforest plants in the hopes of developing a new medicine.

33. Colby and his brother, Waverly, often go crabbing and shrimping in creeks that are flooded each day by a mixture of salt and fresh water. In what type of habitat are they fishing? a. coral reef b. upland swamp c. lagoon d. estuary

34. Which of the following are not examples of tundra plant adaptations? a. Able to grow in thin or poor soil; Able to withstand extreme cold. b. Short plants with shallow root systems and small, waxy leaves. c. Able to carry out photosynthesis under low light conditions. d. Many capable of asexual reproduction (which is quicker than sexual reproduction.) e. Deep tap roots that can reach water below the permafrost and large, dark leaves that catch more of the weak rays from the sun.

35. Temperate grasslands are found in temperate regions where rainfall rates are between 25 and 75 centimeters (cm) per year. If the rainfall rates over the next 100 years increased to 200 cm per year, similar to that of tropical rainfall rates, how would the region most likely be affected? Less solar radiation would enter the region. B. Larger plants and trees would take over the region. C. The region would become a habitat for large and small sea organisms. D. The primary producers in the region would have less ability to recycle carbon.

36. The illustration below shows an ocean off the coast of a continent. Which of the labeled areas will have the highest concentration of living organisms? 1 2 3 4

37. This packrat spends most of the day sleeping in its burrow to avoid high daytime temperatures. It is processing what little water it needs from the seeds it collects. To which environment is this mouse best adapted? Rainforest B. Marine C. Desert D. Tundra

38. Imagine you are Kayla’s travel agent. She wants to travel to a part of the world that is in a biome like that of the eastern United States. Where would you recommend she visit? Central Europe or Eastern Asia Northern Africa The northern half of South America Northern Canada

39. The data in the table below is most likely from which biome? Taiga Tundra Temperate Deciduous Forest Desert Grassland

40. Donovan and his family visited a region last summer that was semi-arid, had few trees, and was home to a number of ground-nesting birds like the pheasant. What biome did they most likely visit? a. Tundra b. Taiga c. Grassland d. Desert

41. A visitor to the area marked in green might see which of the following animals? a. pheasants b. prairie dogs c. pronghorn antelope d. Black-footed ferrets e. All of the above

42. This graph plots data related to temperature and precipitation. Which biome is most likely reflected in this graph? a. Tropical rainforest b. Tundra c. Desert d. Temperate Forest

43. Yellowstone National Park contains areas representing several biomes. In much of Yellowstone, animals like moose, elk, wolverines, and gray wolves live within forests of spruce and fir. What type of habitat is best represented in these areas of Yellowstone? a. Coniferous forest like the Taiga b. Temperate grassland c. Tundra d. Tropical rainforest

44. Decomposers like fungi and slime mold can survive in many habitats, but most do best in habitats that are warm and have plenty of moisture. Where would you most likely find the largest and most diverse populations of these decomposers? Temperate deciduous forests in Pennsylvania. An area of tundra in northern Siberian. Yasuni National Rainforest in Equador The steppes of Mongolia

45. Why are estuaries important to the overall health of a coastal ecosystem? a. They filter contaminants or pollutants from the water. b. They are nurseries for many marine animals. c. They protect the coasts from storm waves and sometimes flooding. d. All of the above

46. The most important limiting factor in most terrestrial biomes is Annual precipitation Distance from the Equator The size and diversity of the predators The proximity of the area to rivers or streams

47. Why are tropical grasslands like the African Serengeti able to support mores species of plants and animals (even some areas with trees) than the temperate grasslands of North America and Asia? The soil quality in the tropical grasslands contains more abiotic material. Tropical grasslands generally receive more annual precipitation and have a longer growing season than temperate grasslands Farmers near the Serengeti plant food specifically for the grazers during the dry season. All of the above.

48. As you follow the dotted arrow from Norway into central Europe, what noticeable changes in vegetation will you most likely observe? The tundra of southern Norway will transition into grasslands in central Europe. b. The Boreal Forests of Norway will gradually transition to temperate grassland in central Europe. c. Forests that shed their leaves every winter in Norway will gradually change to coniferous forest in central Europe. d. The forest will change from coniferous evergreens to deciduous trees.

49. Which of the following statements about deserts is NOT accurate? • Deserts can be either hot or cold depending upon their location and the time of the year. b. Deserts often form on the downwind side of large mountain ranges. c. Deserts rarely support year-round populations of plants or animals. d. Deserts can be arid (extremely dry) or semi-arid (mostly dry).

50. What is the primary reason animals migrate? To find food. To escape predators. To locate water that isn’t frozen. To find mates.