1 / 31

Voice and Voice Disorders

Voice and Voice Disorders. Basic Anatomy and Physiology Loudness disorders Pitch disorders Quality disorders Diagnosis and evaluation Treatment. Basic Anatomy and Physiology. Physiology. Abduction (opening) Sub-glottal air pressure Adduction (closing) Vocal fold elasticity

albert
Download Presentation

Voice and Voice Disorders

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Voice and Voice Disorders • Basic Anatomy and Physiology • Loudness disorders • Pitch disorders • Quality disorders • Diagnosis and evaluation • Treatment Voice & Voice Disorders

  2. Basic Anatomy and Physiology Voice & Voice Disorders

  3. Voice & Voice Disorders

  4. Voice & Voice Disorders

  5. Voice & Voice Disorders

  6. Voice & Voice Disorders

  7. Physiology • Abduction (opening) • Sub-glottal air pressure • Adduction (closing) • Vocal fold elasticity • Bernouli effect Voice & Voice Disorders

  8. Vocal Fold Vibration • Males about 120 Hz • Females about 200 Hz • Children about 240 Hz Voice & Voice Disorders

  9. Intensity of Voice • 30 dB for soft speech • 50 dB for normal speech • 70 dB for loud speech • 90 dB for shouting Voice & Voice Disorders

  10. Normal Voice Quality • Difficult to quantify because it is so subjective. • Disorders of quality use subjective terms Voice & Voice Disorders

  11. Disorders of Loudness • Aphonia • Spastic Dysphonia • Chronic Weak Voice • Excessive Loudness Voice & Voice Disorders

  12. Disorders of pitch • Habitual Pitch Levels • Variations in Pitch • Pitch Breaks • Falsetto • Other Pitch Disorders Voice & Voice Disorders

  13. Habitual Pitch Levels • Variability is normal between people • Changes in pitch during puberty • Causes of abnormal pitch • “infantile” personalities • Tension • Transexuals • Functional (e.g., voice of authority) • Anabolic steroids • Hearing loss Voice & Voice Disorders

  14. Variations in pitch • Monotone can be due to … • Emotional conflicts (e.g., depression) • Fatigue • Hearing loss • Habitual pitch near bottom or top of pitch range. Voice & Voice Disorders

  15. Pitch breaks • Occurs during puberty • Rapid shift from high to low, or low to high pitch Voice & Voice Disorders

  16. Falsetto • Abnormally high pitch due to tightening of vocal folds. • Causes include . . . • Psychological problems • Defense against pitch breaks • Method of preventing hoarseness of harsh voice. Voice & Voice Disorders

  17. Other pitch disorders • Tremulous voice • Diplophonia Voice & Voice Disorders

  18. Quality Disorders • Disorders of Resonance • Disorders of Laryngeal Tone Voice & Voice Disorders

  19. Disorders of Resonance • Hypernasality ... excessive nasality • Causes . . . • Cleft palate • Adenoids or tonsils removed • Assimilation nasality • Other • Hyponasality (denasality) • Nasal passages are closed off. • Causes. . . • Enlarged tonsils or adenoids • URI Voice & Voice Disorders

  20. Disorders of Laryngeal Tone • Breathiness • Harsh Voice • Hoarse Voice Voice & Voice Disorders

  21. Breathiness • Excessive amount of airflow and lack of consistent vocal fold vibration • Insert 12.9 video clip • Causes . . . • Weakness of vocal folds • Contact ulcers, vocal nodules, vocal polyps • Non-organic causes Voice & Voice Disorders

  22. Harsh voice • Often found in presence of “glottal fry” • Unusually high degree of tension. • Causes . . . • Non-organic • Having to speak in background noise Voice & Voice Disorders

  23. Hoarse Voice • Combination of breathy and harsh voice (cheerleader’s voice) • Causes . . . • vocal abuse • Severe cold or laryngitis • Early sign of organic pathology Voice & Voice Disorders

  24. Diagnosis of Voice Disorder • Medical • Speech-Language Pathology Voice & Voice Disorders

  25. Medical • Physical exam includes laryngoscope • Endoscope • Video stroboscopy Voice & Voice Disorders

  26. Speech-Language Pathologist • Perceptual assessment • Voice disorders are observed and tested by speech language pathologist. Normally a high quality recording is made. Voice & Voice Disorders

  27. Treatment of Voice Disorder • Medical • Therapy Voice & Voice Disorders

  28. Medical • Physical removal of polyp or nodule • Laryngectomy • Removal of Vocal Folds Voice & Voice Disorders

  29. Medical Voice & Voice Disorders

  30. Speech therapy • Relaxation techniques • Adaptive behavior • Artificial larynx (see video clip 12.10) • esophageal speech Voice & Voice Disorders

  31. Voice & Voice Disorders

More Related