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Applied Oral Pathology through Interactive Learning

Applied Oral Pathology through Interactive Learning. Infectious Diseases Rachel S. Ennis MDH707 Spring 2011. Infectious Diseases Chapter 4 Objectives. Inflammatory and immune response Causes of opportunistic infection Organisms involved in specific infectious diseases

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Applied Oral Pathology through Interactive Learning

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  1. Applied Oral Pathology through Interactive Learning Infectious Diseases Rachel S. Ennis MDH707 Spring 2011

  2. Infectious DiseasesChapter 4 Objectives • Inflammatory and immune response • Causes of opportunistic infection • Organisms involved in specific infectious diseases • Oral candidiasis; five forms • Herpes labialis; clinical features • Recurrent intraoral herpes simplex infection; clinical features • Minor aphthous ulcers; clinical features

  3. Objectives continued: • Herpes Zoster; clinical characteristics • Epstein-Barr Virus; four associated diseases • Coxsackie virus and oral manifestations • Oral manifestations of HIV infection; clinical appearance

  4. Any ideas? ? ? ? ?

  5. Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis • Edematous and erythematous gingiva • Cratered or “punched out” interdental papillae • Painful • Foul odor • Metallic Taste • Associated with decreased resistance • Caused by Fusiform bacilli, and spirochetes

  6. Inflammatory and Immune Response • Inflammatory response: body’s first line of defense against tissue injury and disease-producing microorganisms • Immune response: defends body against injury, remembers past instances of injury

  7. Opportunistic Infection • Alteration in the oral micro flora • Organisms that are normally nonpathogenic are able to cause disease

  8. Opportunistic infections of the oral cavity • Dental caries • Periodontal disease

  9. Infectious Diseases and the organisms involved • Impetigo: Staph Aureus, Staph pyogenes. • Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis: Streptococci, Adenoviruses, Influenza, and Epstein-Barr virus • Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis • Actinomycosis: Actinomycesisraelii • Syphilis: Treponimapallidum • Veruca vulgaris: Human papilloma virus • Condylomaacuminatum: Human papilloma virus • Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis: Herpes simplex virus • Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis: Borreliavincentii fusiform bacillus, and spirochete

  10. Impetigo Adult male with impetigo Child with impetigo on chin on chin

  11. Syphilis chancre Dorsal surface of tongue

  12. Actinomycosis Left mandible

  13. Condyloma acuminatum Lower lip

  14. Oral Candidiasis(thrush) • Pseudomembranous • Erythematous • Denture stomatitis (chronic atrophic candidiasis) • Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis • Angular cheilitis

  15. Angular cheilitis Commissure of lips

  16. Pseudomembranous candidiasis Hard palate

  17. Herpes Labialis • Caused by herpes simplex virus • Also called “cold sore or fever blister” • Vermillion of lips

  18. Herpes Labialis Vesicles on lips and vermillion boarder

  19. Herpes Labialis Lower lip

  20. Recurrent intraoral herpes simplex infection • Herpes simplex virus • Keratinized mucosa (hard palate, and gingiva • May be caused by sunlight, menstruation,fatigue,fever,stress • Painful, focal crops of vesicles • Prodromal symptoms: pain,burning,tingling

  21. Primary Herpes Simplex Infection Dorsal surface of tongue

  22. Minor aphthous ulcers • Nonkeratinized mucosa • One to several ulcers present • No vesicle preceding ulcer • Pain • <1cm • Round to oval • Can recur

  23. Minor aphthous ulcer Floor of mouth

  24. Major Aphthous Ulcer Soft palate

  25. Herpes Zoster • Shingles • Unilateral, painful eruption of vesicles along sensory nerve • May affect three branches of trigeminal nerve • Prodromal symptoms: pain, burning,paresthesia • May last several weeks

  26. Herpes Zoster Shingles

  27. Varicella Zoster Lips and palate

  28. Epstein-Barr Virus • Infectious Mononucleosis Palatal petichiae kissing disease • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma • Burkitt lympoma • Hairy Leukoplakia usually on lateral border of tongue

  29. Hairy Leukoplakia Lateral boarder of tongue

  30. Coxsackievirus • Discovered in Coxsackie, NY • Transmission by fecal-oral contamination, saliva, respiratory droplets • May cause: Herpangina Hand-Foot-and Mouth Disease Acute Lymphonodular Pharyngitis

  31. Coxsackie virus Sores on dorsal surface of tongue and palate

  32. HIV and Oral Lesions • Candidiasis • Herpes simplex infection • Herpes Zoster • Hairy Leukoplakia • Human papilloma virus lesions • Atypical gingivitis and periodontitis • Kaposi sarcoma • Non-Hodgkin lymphoma • Aphthous ulcers • Mucosal pigmentation • Bacterial salivary gland enlargement and xerostomia • Spontaneous gingival bleeding resulting from thrombocytopenia

  33. HIV associated thrush Soft palate

  34. Papilloma Papilloma on soft palate

  35. Papilloma Lateral boarder of tongue

  36. Papilloma Buccal Mucosa

  37. Kaposi sarcoma HIV infection

  38. !

  39. References Ibsen, O., Phelan, J.A. (2009). Oral pathology for the dental hygienist, 5thed. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. Langlais, R. P. , Miller, C.S. , Nield-Gehrig, J. S. (2009) Color atlas of common oral diseases, 4thed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

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