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DIPLOMACY

DIPLOMACY. “the application of independent tactics to conduct official relations between government of independent states” (Harold K. Nicolson, 1972, 475). . “..Means of the employment of tact, shrewdness, and skill in any negotiation or transaction” Quincy Wright (1955,25-30)

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DIPLOMACY

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  1. DIPLOMACY • “the application of independent tactics to conduct official relations between government of independent states” (Harold K. Nicolson, 1972, 475).

  2. “..Means of the employment of tact, shrewdness, and skill in any negotiation or transaction” Quincy Wright (1955,25-30) * “the business of communicating between government”.

  3. as the art of resolving disputes between state by highly skilled communication between the trained representative of governments. • The emphasis in diplomacy is on communication skills; David W. Ziegler (1984, 272-273)

  4. Tugas-tugaspokoksebagaiberikut: • Melaksanakankebijakan/politiknegaranya; • Melindungikepentingannegaradanwarganya • Memberikaninformasi,bahan-bahanketerangan, laporan-laporankepadapemerintahnyatentangperkembangan yang terjadididunia.

  5. Lima fungsipokokyang melekatdalamtugassebagaiseorang diplomat antara lain yaitu: • a. Conflict management; • b. Solving problem between nations; • c. Improving communications between governments concerning issues; • d. Negotiations of international agreements; • e. Overall program management. (Poullanda, 1974, 194-202).

  6. Sumber-sumber (Input) Kebijakan LN

  7. Sumber-sumber (Input) Kebijakan LN : • SumberMasyarakat (societal source) - Berasaldarilingkungan internal - Mencakupfaktorsejarahsuatubangsa/ pengalamanhistoris, ideologi/cita-cita, tingkatpendidikan, struktursosial, kestabilitasan, kualitashidup, opinipublik/ sentimenatasisu LN tt, media massa

  8. 2. SumberPemerintahan (governmental sources) • Stabilisasipolitik (adanyalegitimasi) • Keberhasilanpemilu • Kapasitaspejabatpemerintah • Kemampuankerjasama /networking • Efektifitaskelembagaan (administrative performance) • Diskresi

  9. 3. SumberIdiosinkratik (idiosyncratic source) • Bakat, keahlian, kecakapan, kepribadianelitpolitik (pemimpin), kharisma, popularitas • Persepsipemimpinataspolitikinernasional

  10. 4. SumberSistemik (systemic sources) • Suatukeadaandilingkunganeksternalygmempengaruhikebijakan LN suatunegara Misal. Pertumbuhan/degradasiekonomi regional, dominasipolitiknegaramaju, pengaruhmatauangasing

  11. FAKTOR-FAKTOR LAIN YANG MENJADI INPUT KEBIJAKAN LN • Motivasiparapembuatkeputusan • Arusinformasiyang masukdilingkaranelit (implisitmauputeksplisit) • Pengaruhtekananinternasional • Situasidankondisisaatmembuatkeputusan

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