Ch. 3 : Cultural Conformity and Adaptation

1. Ch. 3: Cultural Conformity and Adaptation Sec. 2: Social Control

2. Ch. 3 (s.2): Social Control Sanctions Internalization Definition: Definition: 3 examples 3 examples: Positive Sanction Negative Sanction Definition Definition 3 examples 3 examples Formal Sanction Informal Sanction Definition Definition 3 examples 3 examples

3. s.2: Social Control Internalization Sanctions Definition: Process by which a norm becomes part of one’s behavior patterns/personality Definition: Definition: Rewards for good behavior; Punishment for bad behavior Examples: Stopping at stop signs, putting a napkin on your lap, putting your seatbelt on, driving the speed limit - Sanction + Sanction Definition: a punishment for bad behavior Definition: Definition: Definition: a reward for good behavior Examples: Examples: being grounded by your parents; being frowned at, ridiculed, and rejected by your peers; being fined and/or imprisoned by law enforcement Examples: praise from family, teachers, bonuses/pay raises at work, awards and trophies for various accomplishments examples: Formal Sanction Informal Sanction Definition: Definition: reward/punishment given by a ‘formal’ organization Definition: reward/punishment that are spontaneous and given ‘informally’ or casually by one person or a small group Definition: Examples: Examples: Receiving a pay raise at work; an Emmy Award; getting fired; being sentenced to 5 years in prison Examples: Examples: standing ovation; frowns, insults, compliments, smiles, and gossip from peers; being scolded by your parent

4. 1. Define internalization • Process by which a norm becomes part of one’s behavior patterns/personality e.g.: Stopping at stop signs, putting a napkin on your lap, putting your seatbelt on, driving the speed limit

5. 2. Define sanctions • Rewards for good behavior • Punishment for bad behavior • e.g. - Honor Roll at school; getting a speeding ticket

6. 3. What are positive/negative sanctions? • Positive Sanction – a reward for good behavior e.g.: praise from family, teachers, bonuses/pay raises at work, awards and trophies for various accomplishments • Negative Sanction – a punishment for bad behavior e.g.: being grounded by your parents; being frowned at, ridiculed, and rejected by your peers; being fined and/or imprisoned by law enforcement

7. 4. What are formal/informal sanctions? • Formal Sanctions – reward/punishment given by a ‘formal’ organization e.g.: fined by the gov’t.; receiving grades from school; being suspended from school; getting fired at work; going to jail; receiving an award or trophy • Informal Sanctions – reward/punishment that are spontaneous and given ‘informally’ or casually by one person or a small group e.g.: standing ovation; frowns, insults, compliments, smiles, and gossip from peers; being scolded by your parent

8. 5. Identify an example of a Positive Formal and Positive Informal Sanction as well as a Negative Formal and Negative Informal Sanction: • + Formal Sanction: Receiving a pay raise at work; an Emmy Award • - Formal Sanction: Receiving a Detention at school; a speeding ticket; OJ getting arrested • + Informal Sanction: A pat on the back from a friend; Cheers from the crowd at a football game • - Informal Sanction: Getting grounded by your parents; getting slapped by your shortie