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Mebit Mitiku MSc. Thesis

Evaluation of the Level of Service Rendered by Functioning Rural Water Supply Schemes: Case of Farta woreda, Amhara Region Ethiopia. Mebit Mitiku MSc. Thesis. Community-led accelerated WaSH (COWASH). Presentation outline. Introduction Problem statement Research objective Methodology

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Mebit Mitiku MSc. Thesis

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  1. Evaluation of the Level of Service Rendered by Functioning Rural Water Supply Schemes: Case of Farta woreda, Amhara Region Ethiopia Mebit Mitiku MSc. Thesis Community-led accelerated WaSH (COWASH)

  2. Presentation outline • Introduction • Problem statement • Research objective • Methodology • Findings • Conclusion and recommendation

  3. Introduction • According to MoWE(2013): access to water supply in Ethiopia reaches 61.6% at national level in 2012/13. • The revised UAP targets to achieve 98% access to rural water supply at the end of 2015 • COWASH project established to facilitate the implementation of CMP to accelerate the achievement of UAP • CMP related researches confirm: the approach reach 98% rate of functionality

  4. Problem statement • Based on early result of NWI: the non-functionality rate have been improved from 33% to 24.47% • does it really due to the impact of a certain intervention or due to addition of newly constructed water point? • Accelerated implementation of water supply schemes alone couldn’t ensure water supply service in a given area • Evaluation of water supply service level by functional water supply schemes had not been studied

  5. Research objective • To evaluate the level of service delivered by functioning water supply points developed through CMP and other project approaches implemented in Farta Woreda of Amhara Region. • Specific objectives: • Examine service level • Investigate determinant factors affecting functionality and service level • Compare service quality (other project approaches against CMP)

  6. Methodology • Conducted in Farta woreda: • RWSEP/COWASH implementing more water points using CMP approach • CARE Ethiopia supported by donors implementing large number of water supply schemes for long period in the woreda • The study used cross-sectional method with qualitative and quantitative data collected using : questionnaire, focused group discussion, key informant interview and observation.

  7. Sampling method • Water points (76WP) • A sample frame of 359 FCWP (2003/04 to 2009/10) were established • Representative sampling techniques used • Household (442HH) • Number of HH/WP established as sample frame • 20% (Gay and Diehl, 1992) of HH of each WP • Kebele (17) • Kebele having more than 10FCWP (2003/04 to 2009/10)

  8. Map of visited water points

  9. Data entry and analysis • After relevant data collected: • Quantitative data were coded and processed using SPSS version 20 • The result reported using tables and graphs • Qualitative data were analysed using MS-excel and word and used for triangulation

  10. Findings: Feature of implementers: RWSEP and CARE

  11. Findings: Design variation of water points Hand dug wells: CARE: use vertical deformed bar but 4 quintals of cement for head work RWSEP: no vertical deformed bar but 7 to 8 quintals of cement for head work RWSEP: distribution point at the storage tank Distribution point separate from storage tank

  12. Findings: Water supply service quality • Water supply service quality • Quantity : water usage of sampled households • Quality : beneficiaries perception and sanitary inspection • Accessibility : Crowding, time spent to collect water and users satisfaction on service operator • Reliability: water shortage and service interruption

  13. Cont’… • Average daily collection of a household= QTotal /7= QAvg.(litres/HH) • Average per capita water usage = QAvg /family size=q (lpcd) • The same calculation done for time spent (round trip including time of queue)

  14. Findings: Summarised water supply service quality

  15. Findings:Comparison of water supply service quality: RWSEP and CARE • Percentage of beneficiaries who met the national target of water quantity small in RWSEP compared to CARE: • Woreda staffs not appropriately supervise during construction • Lack of cohesion b/n WASHCOs and beneficiaries

  16. Conclusion and recommendation • Only 1/4th of sampled HHs met the national target water quantity • Prevalent water shortage: • Design problems • Monitoring and supervision problem during construction • Provision of water point though it doesn’t yield sufficient water • Decrease in pump efficiency • Lack of community cohesion in CMP implementation kebeles • Environmental degradation and climate change

  17. Recommendations • There should be appropriate design consideration during construction • Clear guidelines must be established on O&M responsibility • Government should solve problems with spare part supply chain • Consideration to alternative mechanisms of water fee collection • As per dime rate is motivation factor for woreda staffs all WASH projects should use similar and reasonable per dime rate • Refreshment training for WASHCOs

  18. Cont’d… • Further study • Communities economic characteristics and appropriate financing mechanisms for O&M • Water supply service quality: across various Areas, Approaches, Technology options, and socio-cultural settings • Comparison of water consumption, need and service criteria

  19. Thank you for your attention Communities collecting water from pond due to pipe failure that connect storage tank to distribution point to the right

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