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Facts and Statistics: Volunteering and Disability June 2019

Discover the benefits of volunteering for people living with disabilities, understand the different types of disabilities, and explore relevant statistics. Find out how volunteering can improve confidence, social connections, psychological health, and more. Also, learn how organizations can benefit from engaging volunteers with disabilities.

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Facts and Statistics: Volunteering and Disability June 2019

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  1. Facts and Statistics:Volunteering and DisabilityJune 2019

  2. Types of disability • Physical - affects a person's mobility or dexterity • Intellectual - affects a person's abilities to learn • Mental Illness - affects a person's thinking processes • Sensory - affects a person's ability to hear or see • Neurological – affects the person’s brain and central nervous system, • Learning disability • Physical disfigurement or • Immunological - the presence of organisms causing disease in the body. www.and.org.au/pages/what-is-a-disability.html

  3. Disability and volunteering • 1 in 5 people have some form of disability. • There were 4.3 million Australians living with disability in 2015 (SDAC, 2015) [1] • Victoria: In 2016, 9.3% (25,780) of Victorians volunteered aged 15 years and over with a profound disability and needing help, compared with 21.2% (894,611) of Victorian aged 15 years or over who did not have a profound disability. [2] * • Australia: In 2016, 9.8% (106,485) of Australians volunteered aged 15 years and over with a profound disability and needing help, compared with 21% (3.5 million) of Australians aged 15 years or over who did not have a profound disability. [2] * *Note that these figures are for people with profound disability www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/4430.0Main%20Features452015?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4430.0&issue=2015&num=&view= http://volunteeringvictoria.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Facts-Stats-10-Jan-2018.pdf

  4. Physical and sensory disabilities • Around half of people with disability used aids or equipment to help with their disability. [1] • Only 4.4% of people with disability in Australia use a wheelchair. [2] • 14.9% of people with disability use mobility aids. [2] • It is estimated that 357,000 Australians are blind or have low vision [2] • 1 in 6 Australians are affected by hearing loss. [3] www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/4430.0Main%20Features952015?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4430.0&issue=2015&num=&view= www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html (Data based on Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers 2015.) www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html

  5. Mental illness • Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness.[1] • 45% of Australians aged 16–85 years, experience a mental health condition during their lifetime. [1] • 1 million Australians live with depression and 2 million Australians live with anxiety. [2] • Around 1 in 5 people with disability said their main long term health condition was a mental or behavioural disorder [3] • Three per cent will be seriously affected. [1] • With treatment and support the majority of people with mental illness will recover. [1] [1] www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/ServicesAndSupport/mental-illness-statistics?viewAsPdf=true [2] www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts [3]www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/4430.0Main%20Features452015?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4430.0&issue=2015&num=&view=

  6. Benefits of volunteering for people living with disability • Improved confidence • Increased social connections and opportunities for networking • Better psychological health • Improved health outcomes • Improved quality of life • Development of skills and work experience • Pathways to employment Sources: Trembath, 2010; Hall & Wilton, 2011; Rak & Spencer, 2015; Lindsay, 2016; Balandin et al, 2006; Ruhindwa et al, 2016; Ouellet et al, 2009; Carone et al., 2007. (Refer to Literature Sources Section for full citations).

  7. Benefits of (meaningful) volunteering for all • Volunteers are happier, healthier and sleep better than those who don’t volunteer – doctors should recommend it. • 96% of volunteers say that it “makes people happier”. • 95% of volunteers say that volunteering is related to feelings of wellbeing. • Volunteering results in a “helper’s high,” a powerful physical and emotional feeling experienced when directly helping others. • Just a few hours of volunteer work makes a difference in happiness and mood. • Sustained volunteering is associated with better mental health. www.volunteeringaustralia.org/wp-content/uploads/Media-Backgrounder-Volunteering-and-Happiness-The-Facts-FINAL1.pdf

  8. Benefits for organisations • Increased access to volunteers. • Increased diversity in their organisation. • Promotes community participation and social inclusion. • Addresses negative staff attitudes. • Contribution of the knowledge and skills of volunteers living with disability. • When people living with disability are engaged in formal volunteering there is no difference in the hours or duration that they volunteer when compared to people without a disability. Sources: Shandra, 2017; Trembath, 2010; Rak & Spencer, 2015; Lindsay, 2016; Balandin et al, 2006; Ruhindwa et al, 2016; Carone et al., 2007. (Refer to Literature Sources Section for full citations).

  9. Organisational barriers to volunteering for people with disability • Attitudinal barriers – a general lack of understanding and awareness of what people with a disability can and cannot contribute to volunteering. • Fear and misconceptions – concerns that people with a disability may be less reliable than other personnel. • Lack of reasonable adjustments – a lack of physical access in the work setting, as well as inflexibility in working arrangements and provision of equipment. • Financial barriers – for example, failure to meet additional travel costs for people with a disability where a public transport option is not available. • Communication – some people with a disability may be dissuaded from applying if they cannot access the recruitment process due to a lack of alternative formats e.g. Braille, large print and easy English • “Taking that Extra Step”, Inclusion Designlab & Bayside Glen Eira Kingston Local Learning & Employment Network (BGKLLEN) • www.bgkllen.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/taking-that-extra-step-web-version.pdf

  10. Barriers experienced by the community Social barriers to disability inclusive volunteering: • Limited access to transport to attend volunteering. • Inaccessible physical environments. • Gaps in knowledge about the value of volunteering & limited access to educational opportunities. • Social isolation and reduced social networks. • A lack of support or reliance on others to attend volunteering. • Misconceptions, stigma and discriminatory attitudes. Sources: Shandra, 2017; Rak & Spencer, 2015; Lindsay, 2016; Mjelde-Mossey, 2006; Balandin et al, 2006; Ruhindwa et al, 2016; Trembath, 2010; Wicki & Meier, 2016. (Refer to Literature Sources Section for full citations).

  11. Barriers experienced by organisations Barriers to inclusive volunteering practice reported by organisations include: • Lack of resources, time and funding. • Lack of knowledge and awareness of working with people living with disability. • Lack of staff training on disability awareness. • Negative staff attitudes and stigma. • Concerns that people living with disability will not be able to fill pre-defined volunteer roles, will not be reliable or meet productivity standards. • Concerns that people living with disability will require additional support beyond the scope of available time and resources. • In Australia, volunteer-involving organisations report high numbers of unfilled volunteer positions and not being able to access enough appropriate volunteers. • Sources: Shandra, 2017; Rak & Spencer, 2015; Volunteering Australia, 2016; Mjelde-Mossey, 2006; Balandin et al, 2006; Ruhindwa et al, 2016; Trembath, 2010; Wicki & Meier, 2016. (Refer to Literature Sources Section for full citations).

  12. Discrimination and disability • Disability discrimination accounts for the highest volume of complaints in 2016-17 to the Australian Human Rights Commission. [1] • Over one third (35.1%) of women and over one quarter (28.1%) of men aged 15 years and over had avoided situations because of their disability. [2] • Young people with disability are 10 times more likely to experience discrimination than those aged over 65. [3] • The source of discrimination in more than half of instances is an employer [4] www.humanrights.gov.au/news/stories/disability-discrimination-top-commission-complaints-data www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/Abs@.Nsf/7d12b0f6763c78caca257061001cc588/c258c88a7aa5a87eca2568a9001393e8!OpenDocument www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4430.0 www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html

  13. Disability and diversity • 45% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people live with disability or long term health condition (and 7.7% with a severe or profound disability). [1] • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are more than twice as likely to live with disability than other Australians. [1] • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are 5x more likely to experience mental illness than other Australians. [1] • People from CALD backgrounds and people born in a non-English speaking country have rates of disability, and profound or severe disability, similar to the rest of the Australian population. [2] • People with disability from CALD backgrounds have had much lower rates of utilisation of disability services – about a half to one-third of the rate of usage that people born in Australia have had (and there is no evidence to suggest that this is a reflection of their preferences or that they need less assistance). [2] • People with disability born in non-English speaking countries are about half as likely to receive formal assistance as people born in Australia. [2] • LGBTI people with disabilities are subject to higher rates of discrimination and abuse than LGBTI people without disability. [3] • The risks of violence are higher for women with disability and for LGBTI people with intellectual disability or learning disability. [3] • Trans and gender diverse people with disability experience even greater discrimination when accessing services than LGB people with disability. [3] https://fpdn.org.au/ www.ssi.org.au/images/stories/documents/publications/Still_outside_the_tent_Accessible.pdf www.glhv.org.au/sites/default/files/2018-07/GAFLA%20Report%20Final%20Version.pdf

  14. Disability and employment • 66% of organisations who employ people with disability identify positive benefits including strengthening workplace morale, improved skills set, improved productivity and greater customer satisfaction. • 41% of organisations see the inclusion of job applicants with disability as important to their business. • Only 30% of respondents worked in businesses that currently employ people with disability (48% don’t, 22% unsure). • 58% of participants reported a positive attitude to employing skilled people with disability. • 36% of organisations said their type of work doesn’t suit people with disability. All from AND’s Disability Confidence Survey 2017: www.and.org.au/data/Disability_Confidence_Survey/Disability_Confidence_Survey_Report_2017_FINAL.pdf

  15. Disability and employment • 32% of employees with disability work as professionals or managers. [1] • Graduates with disability take 56.2 % longer to gain fulltime employment than other graduates. [2] • People with disability aged 15-24 years are 10 times more likely to experience discrimination than those aged 65 years and over (The source of discrimination is an employer in almost half of those instances). [2] • Workers with disabilities have lower absenteeism and employee turnover and low incidence of workplace injury. [3] • Barrier-free workplaces ensure that they hire the best person for the job. [4] • Employees and customers are more loyal to organisations that demonstrate and value diversity and inclusion. [1] [1] Australian Network on Disability ‘Disability is Diverse’ infographic: www.and.org.au/pages/resources-publi-infographic-about-disability-974.html [2] AND’s Disability Statistics: www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html [3] www.and.org.au/pages/business-benefits-of-hiring-people-with-a-disability.html

  16. Key Sources Australian Bureau of Statistics www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2900.0main+features100922016 www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/4430.0Main%20Features452015?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=4430.0&issue=2015&num=&view= www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/Abs@.Nsf/7d12b0f6763c78caca257061001cc588/c258c88a7aa5a87eca2568a9001393e8!OpenDocument www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4430.0 www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/Survey+Participant+Information+-+Survey+of+Disability+Ageing+and+Carers Australian Network on Disability www.and.org.au/pages/what-is-a-disability.html www.and.org.au/pages/disability-statistics.html www.and.org.au/data/Disability_Confidence_Survey/Disability_Confidence_Survey_Report_2017_FINAL.pdf Better Health www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/ServicesAndSupport/mental-illness-statistics?viewAsPdf=true Beyond Blue www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts

  17. Key Sources Australian Human Rights Commission www.humanrights.gov.au/news/stories/disability-discrimination-top-commission-complaints-data First Peoples Disability Network Australia https://fpdn.org.au/ Settlement Services International www.ssi.org.au/images/stories/documents/publications/Still_outside_the_tent_Accessible.pdf Rainbow Health Victoria (formerly Gay and Lesbian Health Victoria) www.glhv.org.au/sites/default/files/2018-07/GAFLA%20Report%20Final%20Version.pdf “Taking that Extra Step”, Inclusion Designlab & Bayside Glen Eira Kingston Local Learning & Employment Network (BGKLLEN) www.bgkllen.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/taking-that-extra-step-web-version.pdf Volunteering Victoria and Volunteering Australia http://volunteeringvictoria.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Facts-Stats-10-Jan-2018.pdf www.volunteeringaustralia.org/wp-content/uploads/Media-Backgrounder-Volunteering-and-Happiness-The-Facts-FINAL1.pdf

  18. Literature Sources Balandin, S., et al., Older disabled workers’ perceptions of volunteering. Disability & Society, 2006. 21(7): p. 677-692. Carone, S.A., E.J. Burker, and M. Gardner, Vocteer: A collaborative volunteer program for persons with severe psychiatric disability. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 2007. 31(2): p. 149-151. Hall, E. and R. Wilton, Alternative spaces of ‘work’ and inclusion for disabled people. Disability & Society, 2011. 26(7): p. 867-880. Lindsay, S., A scoping review of the experiences, benefits, and challenges involved in volunteer work among youth and young adults with a disability. Disability & Rehabilitation, 2016. 38(16): p. 1533-1546. Ouellet, M.-C., C.M. Morin, and A. Lavoie, Volunteer Work and psychological health following traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2009. 24(4): p. 262-271. Mjelde-Mossey, L., Involving people with disabilites in volunteer roles. Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation, 2006. 5(2): p. 19-30.

  19. Literature Sources Rak, E.C. and L. Spencer, Community Participation of persons with disabilities: volunteering, dontations and involvement in groups and organisations. Disability & Rehabilitation, 2015. 38(17): p. 1705-1715. Ruhindwa, A., Randall, C., Cartmel, J., Exploring the challenges experienced by people with disabilities in the employment sector in Australia: Advocating for inclusive practice- a literature review. Journal of Social Inclusion, 2016. 7(1): p. 4-19. Shandra, C.L., Disability & Social Particiaption: The case of formal and informal volunteering. Social Science Research, 2017: p. 1-19. Trembath, D., et al., Employment and volunteering for adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Policy & Practice in Intellectual Disabilites, 2010. 7(4): p. 235-238. Wicki, M.T. and S. Meier, Supporting Volunteering activities by adults with intellectual disabilities: an explorative qualitative study. Journal of Policy & Practice in Intellectual Disabilites, 2016. 13(4): p. 320-326.

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