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The Black Bird

The Black Bird. Anthony Garzon Eryn Richardson Paul Quarles Blake Vaughn. Constants and Design Constraints. Maximum design velocity: 120 ft/s g – acceleration of Earth’s gravity 1g = 32.2 ft/s 2 Maximum g force – 3g’s or 96.6 ft/s 2. The Black Bird Layout. Car Design.

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The Black Bird

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  1. The Black Bird Anthony Garzon Eryn Richardson Paul Quarles Blake Vaughn

  2. Constants and DesignConstraints • Maximum design velocity: 120 ft/s • g – acceleration of Earth’s gravity • 1g = 32.2 ft/s2 • Maximum g force – 3g’s or 96.6 ft/s2

  3. The Black Bird Layout

  4. Car Design • Take Shape of SR-71 Black Bird Supersonic Aircraft • Dimensions of SR-71 were scaled down to fit a 4 ft. track width • Height: 4.33 ft. • Width: 4 ft. • Car Length 8ft. • Frontal Surface Area used for Drag Calculations: 17.33 ft2

  5. Vehicle Design • Accordion joints – ascetic appeal • Total allowable passenger weight 6000 lbs • Total vehicle weight 10,200 lbs • Diametrically opposed Blackbirds

  6. Track Design • Housing Dimensions will be approximately 50x10 square feet • Track width: 4 ft. Total track length: 2013.625 ft • Braking track will run between 2 main rails, a friction brake will be employed in tandem with halting power toward forward motion.

  7. Starting Distance • Distance based on a maximum acceleration of 3g’s or 96.6 ft/s2 • A maximum velocity of 120 ft/s wanted to be reached over this section of track • The distance calculated was 74.5 ft. using the following equation: dstart

  8. Drag Force Calculation D = Drag (95.83 lbs) = rho (0.00237 slugs/ft3) VAVG = Average Velocity (96.6 ft/s) S = Surface Area (17.33 ft2) =drag coefficient(0.5)

  9. Friction Force • Coefficient of Friction: 0.03 • F=Force of Friction • W=Weight • N=Normal Force • W-N=0 • W=N • W=mg • F = 126 lbs W F N

  10. Keep Normal Acceleration Approximately 3’g -need to find R Loop Design 298.1 ft

  11. Max Acceleration • Max acceleration will occur in start of loop where the velocity is a maximum. • The max g force is a function of normal and tangential accelerations. • The max g force experienced in the ride was found to be 3.02 g’s or 97.24 ft/s2 `

  12. Work-Energy Methods • Work-Energy methods were used to calculate parameters throughout the track. • General Equation • Work-Energy Equation when Applied to the Roller Coaster Problem

  13. Force to Accelerate Vehicle to 120 ft/s over 74.5 ft • Work-Energy Equation • Starting Force: 30,820 lbs dstart 74.5 ft

  14. Loop Calculations • To insure that we made it through the loop, we used Work-Energy Methods to calculate the vehicles velocity of the top of the loop. • Minimum Loop Velocity: 64.36 ft/s • Loop Exit Velocity: 114.40 ft/s `

  15. Straight Away • A 150 ft. section of track added before incline • This section of track adds time to the ride making it more exciting • Exit Velocity of Straight Section: 113.48 ft/s 150 ft

  16. Incline One • Incline Design Height is 223.6 ft • The Max Height was found using a velocity of 120 ft/s for safety and a load of 2g’s on the body. • HeightCoaster<HeightIncline • Again using WE methods, the max height of the coaster was found to be 192.33 ft

  17. Reverse Calculations • Calculating vehicle characteristics in reverse uses the same method as forward • Reverse Loop Exit Velocity: 103.31 ft/s • Max Height of Incline Two: 158.16 ft • Incline Two Exit Velocity: 99.16 ft/s

  18. Braking Section • Vehicle must come to rest from 99.16 ft/s over a 150 ft section of track • Total Braking Force: 10,160 lbs dbrake 150 ft

  19. Results and Conclusions • Design Constraints • Max g Loading: 3g’s • Max Velocity: 120 ft/s • Dynamics, Aerodynamics, and Work-Energy Methods were used to calculate all parameters of the roller coaster. • The Blackbird will be an exciting ride pushing the human body to 3g’s while obtaining altitudes close to 300 ft.

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