1 / 9

DNA and RNA

DNA and RNA . Structure and Replication. Meet the monomers!. Remember the Macromolecules? Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA Monomer nucleotide has 3 parts: sugar (ribose), phosphate and a base. Double stranded Shape of a double helix Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine Stays in the nucleus.

agatha
Download Presentation

DNA and RNA

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. DNA and RNA Structure and Replication

  2. Meet the monomers! • Remember the Macromolecules? Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA Monomer nucleotide has 3 parts: sugar (ribose), phosphate and a base.

  3. Double stranded Shape of a double helix Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine Stays in the nucleus Single stranded Linear in shape Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine A copy that is able to leave the nucleus DNA and RNA

  4. Chargaff’s Rules • A bonds T • C bonds G • A bonds U in RNA only • Purines (Adenine, Guanine) • Pyramidines (Cytosine, Thymine)

  5. DNA and Chromosomes • DNA in double helix • DNA wrapped around histones (protein) • Chromatin • Condensed into a chromosome • Supercoiled • What process does a cell have to go through to make a new cell?

  6. DNA Replication and Mitosis • In order to make a new cell, the first cell must go through mitosis. • The daughter cell needs to be exactly like the parents cell… • Semi conservative replication

  7. DNA Replication“the truth of the lagging strand” • Helicase holds open helix • RNA polymerase attaches to lagging parent strand • RNA primer gets lagging strand ready for replication • DNA polymerase attaches new complementary bases to form the new daughter strand • The new daughter strand is made in pieces that must be glued together by ligase • The pieces before they are glued together are called Okazaki fragments

  8. The end product of DNA Replication • 2 new copies of DNA that are exact • Each copy has 1 old copy (parent) and one new copy (daughter) • Now for the 2 cells that are the products of mitosis, they will each have a identical and function copy of the DNA.

  9. DNA is unzipped at the replication fork: helicase 1 side of the DNA (leading parent strand) is copied and a new complementary strand is made: DNA polymerase 2nd side of DNA (lagging parent strand) is copied in pieces by DNA polymerase and then glued together by ligase What does “ase” mean?

More Related