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1-1 The Diversity of Cells

1-1 The Diversity of Cells. A cell is the smallest unit that can perform all life processes. Cells and the Cell Theory. Robert Hooke- Looked at thin slices of cork and observed cells.

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1-1 The Diversity of Cells

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  1. 1-1 The Diversity of Cells A cell is the smallest unit that can perform all life processes.

  2. Cells and the Cell Theory Robert Hooke- Looked at thin slices of cork and observed cells. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek- looked at pond scum and observed “animalcules.” (which were really single-celled protists)

  3. MatthaisSchleiden observed plants and concluded that all plants are made of cells. Theodor Schwann studied animals and concluded that all animals are made of cells. Rudolf Virchow concluded that all cells come from other cells.

  4. Cell Theory: All organisms are made of one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of all living things. All cells come from existing cells.

  5. Cell Size Cells are too small to be seen without a microscope. If a cell gets too large, the cell’s surface area will not be large enough to take in nutrients or pump out wastes.

  6. Parts of a Cell Cell membrane- a protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier. Organelles- structures that perform specific functions within a cell.

  7. Nucleus- an organelle that contains the genetic information and controls many of the cells functions. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)- the genetic material of the cell.

  8. Prokaryotes: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria Prokaryote- Single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

  9. Eubacteria vs. Archaebacteria Eubacteria Archaebacteria Single celled Have different forms of cell wall and cell membrane Have different type of ribosomes Heat-loving and Salt-loving archaebacteria are known as extremophiles. Methane-making produce methane gas. • Single celled • Most common • Live everywhere • Have DNA and ribosomes • Exterior cell wall and cell membrane

  10. Eukaryotic Cells and Eukaryotes Eukaryote- an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; includes plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

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