1 / 21

Timetable 2007: Why and How?

Timetable 2007: Why and How?. Dennis Huisman. Econometric Institute & ECOPT, Erasmus Univ. Rotterdam Dept. of Logistics, NS. www.ecopt.nl. Thursday January 18, 2007. Schedule. Introduction on the Dutch railway system Why a new timetable? How is the 2007 timetable constructed?

afia
Download Presentation

Timetable 2007: Why and How?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Timetable 2007:Why and How? Dennis Huisman Econometric Institute & ECOPT, Erasmus Univ. RotterdamDept. of Logistics, NS www.ecopt.nl Thursday January 18, 2007

  2. Schedule • Introduction on the Dutch railway system • Why a new timetable? • How is the 2007 timetable constructed? • Different steps • OR models • Process • Future developments

  3. Some figures 1.100.000 passenger trips per workday 15.000.000.000 passenger kilometers per year • passenger trains per workday 300 cargo trains per workday 2800 kilometers of tracks 377 stations

  4. 0 50km Dutch railway system Characteristics: • Dense railway system • Cyclic timetable (1 hr) • Several train types • High utilization of infra • Many connections

  5. Timetable 2007: Why? • No major changes since “Spoorslag ’70” but much more passengers • Improving robustness of the system • New commercial product with high speed trains, Intercity services and sprinters (no semi-fast trains anymore) • Better connections with Belgium and Germany • New infrastructure would be available in 2007 (HSL, Betuweroute, quadrupling Amsterdam-Utrecht)

  6. How to construct a new timetable? Three steps: • Make a line plan, i.e. determine the direct connections and the frequencies, etc. • Construct the timetable for one hour, i.e. decide on the exact arrival and departure times, connections, etc. • Construct the timetable for a whole week Strong dependency between the first two steps, and between these steps and rolling stock planning

  7. Line planning (1) • Input: O-D matrix • Output: routes with their frequency & some transfers (e.g. 2/hr IC Den Helder – Amsterdam – Utrecht - Nijmegen, 2/hr IC Schagen/Alkmaar – Amsterdam – Utrecht – Eindhoven - Maastricht/Heerlen, 2/hr IC Schiphol – Utrecht - Eindhoven). • Possible criteria: • As much direct connections as possible • Robustness • Short travel times

  8. Line planning (2) • Not many OR models are used in line planning • Decisions mainly made on properties of the infrastructure, market specifications and political wishes • Most discussions in public/media are about the line plan • Example: Voorburg, Zoetermeer, Gouda and Woerden all like to have an Intercity station on the route Utrecht – The Hague, on the other hand travel times from North & East to the Hague should be short.

  9. Timetabling (1) • Determine for each train on all stations the exact arrival and departure times such that • headway constraints are satisfied, • transfers are as much as possible satisfied, • travel times (including buffers) have to be taken into account, • trains on the same line are equally distributed, • the timetable is cyclic.

  10. Basic hour pattern Amersfoort – Lunteren - Ede-Wageningen

  11. Timetabling (2) • The new timetable is constructed with DONS (= Designer Of Network Schedules) • DONS consists of a database, GUI and two solvers: CADANS and STATIONS • CADANS creates the ‘basis hour pattern’ and is developed by CWI (Schrijver & Steenbeek, 1994) • STATIONS creates the ‘basis platform assignment’ and is developed by Zwaneveld et al. (1996) • Both solvers are based on OR models

  12. CADANS (1) • The OR model is based on the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP) • Examples of constraints with T: cycle time Q(e1,e2): binary decision variable indicating whether event e1 is carried out before event e2 or not

  13. CADANS (2) with T: cycle time Q(e3,e4): binary decision variable indicating whether event e3 is carried out before event e4 or not • PESP is solved with preprocessing techniques, constraint propagation and local optimization techniques

  14. CADANS (3) • CADANS provides either feasible solution or gives some indication why it is infeasible • In the latter case, planner should change the specifications and try again

  15. Reliability of timetables • Measured by punctuality of the railway system • Simulation is used to determine the expected punctuality of a ‘basic hour pattern’ • This is done by introducing disturbances and measuring their effect on the overall punctuality • The new timetable is simulated with SIMONE (= SImulation MOdel of NEtworks) developed by ProRail and NS

  16. Timetable 2007: process (1) • Focus: timetable 2009 • Timetable 2007 is derived from timetable 2009, but has the line plan of 2006 on some parts of the network (e.g. between Amsterdam and Vlissingen) • Joint work between NS, ProRail and Raillion • Start 2003

  17. Timetable 2007: process (2) • 10 completely different line plans have been considered (including very extreme ones) • For all of them DONS generated a ‘basis hour pattern’ • SIMONE runs were done to measure the punctuality of the different timetables • Consequences on travel times/transfers/frequencies for all passengers in the O-D matrix have been determined • General statistics on expected number of passengers, costs and revenues have been calculated as well

  18. Timetable 2007: process (3) • Board choose line plan in March 2005 (mix of 2 of the initial line plans) • Go/no go decision in December 2005 • Afterwards 1-hour timetable is copied to 7*24 hours and rolling stock and crew schedules are constructed • In the mean time: several small adjustments (e.g. shorter travel times to the North) and one large adjustment (not opening four tracks Amsterdam-Utrecht)

  19. Future developments Running time supplements • Timetable 1970-2006: 7% running time supplement • Timetable 2007: 5% running time supplement • Vromans et al. (2005) developed an optimization model to distribute the supplements such that the average delays can be minimized • A practical experiment on the Zaanlijn with a modified timetable showed that the punctuality can be improved by a few percent points • Timetable 2009: practice ??

  20. ?

More Related