Presentation of Polish team ,,Comfort of urban life”

1. Presentation of Polish team,,Comfort of urban life” Part I – Cities Part II – Comfort of urban life

2. The first cities Precolumbiancities As we knowthe first citieswereinvented by ancientpeoplefrom Mezopotamia. Theybuiltcities – countries of which we canfindsignsnowadays. Thebiggest and most popular of them was Babilon, whichdates back to the 23rd century B.C. Theyaretheoldest. But…

3. Cities For the development of EuropeancivilisationRoman citieswerethe most important. In Ancient Rome, a province was the basic, and, until the Tetrarchy (c.296), largest territorial andadministrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The wordprovince in modern English has its origins in the term used by the Romans.Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial rank, usually former consuls or former praetors Greek city - Athens Roman city

4. Cities

5. Cities Patter of Roman encampment Patter of city

6. Cities Roman coloniesin Europe

7. CitiesAll roadslead to Rome… Map of Rome Empire withroads

8. Cities Map of Polishroads Map of Roman roads

9. Thecomfort of urban life • The most importantancietninventions, whichareusefulnowdaysare: • Bridge • Sewage system • Elevator • Central heating • FireStation • Restaurants • Groma • Lock and key Roman house Lock and key

10. Thecomfort od urban life Most citieswerebuilt near rivers, whichwere not onlythesources of food and water, but alsogavethemtheopportunity to travel. Thecitiesevolved on bothsides od rivers, and that was thereason to buildbridges. Ruins of a bridge Reconstruction of an ancientbridge

11. Thecomfort of urban life Bridges Modern bridgesare not onlyuseful, but alsobeautiful… Bridge inourtown - Ostrołęka Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco

12. Thecomfort of urban life Bridges Theoldestbridgein Poland Thelongestbridgeintheworld – The Grand Bridge

13. Thecomfort of urban lifeSewage system and providingwater Romans knewhow to eliminateproblems associated withsupplying city withwater. Theybuiltaqueducts -watersupplychannels, whichtransportedwaterinleadtubings (whichwerepoisonous for people) from mountains orstreams to concentrations of people. Firstly, water was flowingin a natural way, thenthe Romans elaboratedspecialarchitecturalsolutions , so theobstacleswereovercome. Nowadays , people benefit from Romans’ achievments – we have a sewage system, whichisbased on ancientaqeducts. Ancientaquadukts

14. Thecomfort of urban lifeSewage system and povadingwatertoday Faucet sewagetreatment plant Well

15. Comfort of urban life History of elevators • The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. It is assumed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.

16. Comfort of urban lifeModern elevators

17. Comfort of urban lifeThefasteselevatorsintheworld Thefastestplannedelevatorintheworld ThefastestelevatornowinTaipei

18. ThenextpresentationinTurkey contain: • Central heating • FireStation • Restaurants • Groma • And otherinventions of Romans and Greek

19. Thankyou for attention Teachers: Mrs. I. Gawrych, Ms. M. Łomacz, Ms. J. Sławińska, Mr. W. Wilczek Students: M. Krysiak, M. Krupka, K. Abramczyk