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Reproduction!!!

Reproduction!!!. 2 Types. If both parents replicated cells using mitosis, a child would receive 46 chromosomes from dad & 46 from mom given a grand total of…? 92! (Way too many) So…if dad could give 23 + 23 from mom = 46! (Bingo !). Examples of Asexua l !!!!. Binary Fission Budding

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Reproduction!!!

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  1. Reproduction!!! 2 Types

  2. If both parents replicated cells using mitosis, a child would receive 46 chromosomes from dad & 46 from mom given a grand total of…? • 92! (Way too many) • So…if dad could give 23 + 23 from mom = 46! (Bingo!)

  3. Examples of Asexual!!!! • Binary Fission • Budding • Fragmentation

  4. Better when the environment is not favorable or becomes unstable

  5. Meiosis

  6. Meiosis • Def: 2 successive cell divisions that produce gametes • What does that mean? • Successive one right after the other • Gametes  a haploid reproductive cell, either an egg or a sperm • Haploid  containing only 1 of every chromosomes (n) • Diploid  containing 2 of every chromosome (2n)

  7. Some More Vocabulary • Body Cells • AKA  somatic cells • Ex  skins cells, nerve cells, blood cells • Diploid  46 chromosomes (23 pairs) • Sex Cells • AKA  germ cells • Ex  egg & sperm • Haploid  23 chromosomes (all single) Q: A mutation in which type of cell would be worse?

  8. Chromosome Number in Mitosis

  9. Meiosis = 2 Mitosis P1M1A1T1 P2M2A2T2 With a few slight differences!

  10. Meiosis = 1st Division Prophase 1  Crossing Over Metaphase 1  chromosomes line up randomly2 by 2 forming a tetrad (4 across) Anaphase 1  homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles (sister chromatids do not separate!) Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I

  11. Crossing Over

  12. Anaphase 2 Telophase 2 Prophase 2 Metaphase 2 Single Chromosomes line up Sister Chromatids are pulled apart Meiosis II 2nd Division

  13. Mitosis vs. Meiosis • Cells divide twice! (Mitosis divide only once) • End result is 4 different cells instead of 2 genetically identical cells! • Chromosome number is cut in half! • 2n (diploid)  n (haploid) = Meiosis • 2n  2n = Mitosis • Crossing Over!

  14. The purpose of meiosis is…? • To produce gametes which are necessary for sexual reproduction. • Allows for new mixtures of combinations  called genetic recombination • VARIATION!

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