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EPQM - Scheduling

EPQM - Scheduling. Lecture 6. EPQM. PLC. Implementation. Introduction. Proj Logistics. Quality. Introduction Attributes PLC Roadmap. Identify needs. Proj Planning. Proj Quality. Proj Team & Organization. Scheduling. Propose solution. Proj Comm & Documentation. Controlling.

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EPQM - Scheduling

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  1. EPQM - Scheduling Lecture 6

  2. EPQM PLC Implementation Introduction Proj Logistics Quality • Introduction • Attributes • PLC • Roadmap Identify needs Proj Planning Proj Quality Proj Team & Organization Scheduling Propose solution Proj Comm & Documentation Controlling Perform the project Deliver Quality Event Risk Mgmt Resource Planning Terminate Cost Planning & performance

  3. Needs Identification RFP WBS Planning Responsibility Matrix Network Diagram Scheduling Controlling Resources Planning

  4. Today’s Agenda • Skill in estimating the duration for each activity. • Establish the estimated start time and required completion time for the overall project. • Calculate the earliest time at which each activity can start and finish • Calculate the latest time at which each activity must start and finish. • Determine the amount of positive or negative slack between the time. • Identify the critical path.

  5. Activity Duration(p.194) • How long each activity will take. • This duration estimate must be the total lapsed time – the time for the work to be done + any associated waiting time. • Let the responsible person estimate the duration. Varnish Floors Move back furniture 1 Susan 5 2 Tom 1 Activity number Duration estimate

  6. But how can the responsible person give the estimate • By referring to the company records in the past. • By referring to the industry practitioners. • Asking every party involved and give the best estimate. • Duration time must be based on the quantity of resources expected to be used on the activity. • Estimate needs to be realistic – not too optimistic nor conservative.

  7. Project Start And Finish Times(pg. 146/151) Types of Estimation • Estimate start time + required completion time • Both estimate start time & estimated completion time are stated and the duration exceeds the completion time  you have to compress your work. • Customer only specifies the date by which the project must be completed • Contractor will state “The project will be completed within XX days of the signing of the contract.” (this protects the contractor)

  8. Schedule Calculations (p152) Determine • The earliest time (dates) at which each activity can start and finish. • The latest time (dates) by which each activity must start and finish in order to complete the project. • EF = ES + Duration estimate 14 days 15 Jan 1 Jan Earliest Start time (ES) Latest Start time Earliest Finish time (EF) Latest Finish time

  9. Earliest Start and Finish Time • Earliest start time (ES) – the earliest time at which a particular activity can begin. • Earliest finish time (EF) – the earliest time by which a particular activity can be completed. • ES + Duration Estimate = EF or • EF = ES + Duration Estimate

  10. Rule 1 • The earliest start time for a particular activity must be the same as or later than the latest of all the earliest finish time of all the activities leading directly to the activity. Practice Skit The latest of all 3 is 10 days ES must be day 10 or later. 5 Make Costumes Dress Rehearsal 10 Make Props 4

  11. 0 3 3 13 Identify Target Customer Identify Target Customer 1 3 2 10 Estimated Start (Day 3) Estimated Finish (in term of Day 3) Estimated Finish (Day 13)

  12. Required completion = 130 working days LS = 138 days p.152/156 Gido and Clement, Effective Project Management

  13. Latest Start & Finish Time • Latest finish time (LF) = the latest time by which a particular activity must be completed in order for the entire project to be finished by its required completion time. • Latest start time (LS) = the latest time by which a particular activity must be started in order for the entire project to be finished by its required completion time. • LS = LF – Duration Estimate • LF and LS are determined by calculating backward

  14. Schedule Calculations (p152) Determine • The earliest time (dates) at which each activity can start and finish. • The latest time (dates) by which each activity must start and finish in order to complete the project. • LS = LF - Duration estimate 14 days 20 Jan 6 Jan Earliest Start time (ES) Latest Start time (LS) Earliest Finish time (EF) Latest Finish time (LF)

  15. Page 157 Distribute poster Day 30 -10 days Print Poster & Brochures 2 10 20 30 Mail Brochure 1 8 12 20 3 5 30 25 Calculate the time backward, project must be completed within 30 days.

  16. Rule 2 • The latest finish time for a particular activity must be the same as or earlier than the earliest of all the latest start times of all the activities emerging directly from that particular activity.

  17. Required Completion = 130 working days ES = - 8 days p. 158/163 of Gido and Clement, Effective Project Management

  18. Total Slack (float) (p.161) • Total Slack (TS) = The difference between the calculated earliest finish time of the very last activity and the project’s required completion time. • TS = negative number (e.g. -8)  a lack of slack (剩餘時間)over the entire project i.e. need more aggressive planning to speed up the progress. • TS = positive number (e.g. +8)  the max amount of time that the activities on a particular path can be delayed without jeopardizing completion of the whole project. • TS = LF – EF or LS – ES

  19. LF – EF = -5 – 3 = - 8 p. 163 textbook

  20. Critical Path • Those paths with positive values of total slack are sometimes referred as noncritical paths. • Those paths with zero or negative values of total slack are referred to as critical path. • The longest path in the overall Network Diagram is called the mostcritical path. • One way to determine which activities make up the critical path is to find which one have the least slack. (LF – EF) or (LS-ES) • In Project 2003, the critical path is highlighted in red color boxes.

  21. LF – EF = -5 – 3 = - 8 p. 163 textbook

  22. Free Slack (p. 163) • It is the amount of time a particular activity can be postponed without delaying the earliest start time of its immediately succeeding activity. • Free slack is calculated by finding the lowest of the values of total slack for all the activities and then subtracting it from the values of total slack for the other activities also entering into that same activity. • It is always a positive value.

  23. Free slack = 0 – (-8) = 8 days Free slack = 60 – 50 = 10 days

  24. How to settle the uncertainty (pg. 146/184) Optimistic time Most likely time Te =( To + 4(Tm) + Tp) /6 Pessimistic time

  25. End of Lecture 7

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