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Acid Base Equations

Acid Base Equations. General Form of Dissociation. Acid HA  H + + A - or H 2 O + A  H + + AOH - Base BOH  B + + OH - or H 2 O + B  BH + + OH - Strong acids/bases will have a , weak acids/bases will have a ⇌. Weak acids and bases. Acids Bases

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Acid Base Equations

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  1. Acid Base Equations

  2. General Form of Dissociation Acid HA  H+ + A- or H2O + A  H+ + AOH- Base BOH  B+ + OH- or H2O + B  BH+ + OH- Strong acids/bases will have a , weak acids/bases will have a⇌

  3. Weak acids and bases Acids Bases Carbonic acid Carbonate Acetic acid Acetate Ammonium Ammonia triethylamine (CH3CH2)3NH+ (CH3CH2)3N

  4. Strong acids

  5. Strong Bases these make a lightning bolt on the periodic table!

  6. Strong acids and bases Strong acids and bases are not at equilibrium, there is no reverse reaction. Strong acids and bases will never be formed in a net ionic equation. Adding strong acid or base normally means you will have H+ or OH- as a reactant, the rest is a spectator ion. All other acids/bases can be formed by reacting the conjugate ion with a strong acid/base.

  7. Weak + Strong reaction Reacting an acid with a base will produce water. Reacting a weak acid with a strong base will produce water and conjugate base. H2CO3 + OH- H2O + HCO3- Reacting a weak base with a strong acid will produce conjugate acid. NH3 + H+ NH4+

  8. Examples Calcium hydroxide reacts with chlorous acid Acetic acid reacts with potassium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium nitrite Nitric acid reacts with sodium chlorite

  9. Predicting molecular equations Metals and nonmetals combine to form salts. CHECK CHARGES OF IONS!!!!! Metal Oxides and water form bases, bases have OH attached Nonmetal oxides and water form acids Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen.

  10. Examples Magnesium burns in oxygen Calcium reacts with chlorine gas Potassium oxide reacts with water Carbon dioxide is bubbled through water Hydrogen peroxide decomposes

  11. Solubility Rules You have to have this memorized Acids are soluble. Compounds of: alkali metals, ammonium, nitrate, chlorate and acetate are soluble. This is the sheet I give you

  12. Examples Hydrochloric acid reacts with silver nitrate Potassium carbonate reacts with calcium chlorate Scandium acetate reacts with lithium chromate

  13. Organic reactions Combustion- organic compounds react with O2 makes H2O + CO2 hexane is burned in air C5H12 +8 O2 5 CO2 + 6H2O

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