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Chapter 18

Chapter 18. Injuries to the Pelvis and Lower Extremities. The Pelvis. Pelvic region Supports the vertebral column and constitutes the inferior portion of the trunk Primary muscles of the pelvis Affect movement of thigh at hip joint Attached to the femur and pelvic bones

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Chapter 18

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  1. Chapter 18 Injuries to the Pelvis and Lower Extremities

  2. The Pelvis • Pelvic region • Supports the vertebral column and constitutes the inferior portion of the trunk • Primary muscles of the pelvis • Affect movement of thigh at hip joint • Attached to the femur and pelvic bones • Contribute to muscular movement by creating pressure on muscle surface

  3. The Pelvis • Injuries to the pelvic region include: • Fractures • Strains • Contusions

  4. The Hip and Thigh • Each lower extremity • Hip, thigh, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot • The hip is a ball and socket joint • Held together by connective tissues

  5. The Hip and Thigh • The femur extends from the hip to the knee • Provides skeletal structure of the thigh • Held in the socket by ligaments, tendons, and muscles

  6. Methods for Assessing Hip Injuries • General range of motion • ROM test • Hamstring flexibility • Hip flexor flexibility (Thomas test) • Internal and external rotation of the hip • Ober’s Test • Patrick’s or Faber Test

  7. Methods for Assessing Hip Injuries • Strength tests • Abduction • Adduction • Extension • Flexion • Internal rotation • External rotation • Trendelenburg test

  8. Injuries to the Hip and Thigh • Fractures • Dislocations and subluxations • Contusions • Sprains • Strains • Bursitis and synovitis

  9. The Knee • Knee joint • Naturally unstable • One of the most complicated joints in the body • One of the most commonly injured joints in the body

  10. Methods for Assessing Knee Injuries • ROM test • Knee extension • Knee flexion • Extension strength test for the knee • Flexion strength test for the knee

  11. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg • Fractures • Dislocations and subluxations • Apprehension test for the patella

  12. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg • Strains • Tendon ruptures • Patellar tendon rupture test • Meniscus tears • McMurray test • Apley compression test • Tendonitis • Contusions

  13. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg • Sprains • Valgus stress test for the knee • Varus stress test for the knee • Anterior drawer test for the knee • Posterior drawer test for the knee • Lachman test • Pivot shift test

  14. Injuries to the Knee and Lower Leg • Bursitis • Osgood-Schlatter Disease • Chondromalacia patellae (CMP) • Patella grind test • Shin splints • Anterior compartment syndrome

  15. The Ankle • Tarsus • Composed of seven tarsal bones and joins the lower leg to the foot

  16. Assessing Ankle and Foot Injuries • ROM test • Ankle inversion • Ankle eversion • Plantar flexion of the ankle • Dorsiflexion of the ankle

  17. Assessing Ankle and Foot Injuries • Inversion strength test for the ankle • Eversion strength test for the ankle • Dorsiflexion strength test for the ankle

  18. Injuries to the Ankle and Foot • Fractures • Dislocations and subluxations • Contusions • Sprains • Talar tilt test • Anterior drawer test for the ankle

  19. Injuries to the Ankle and Foot • Tendon ruptures • Thompson test • Tendonitis • Bursitis and synovitis • Ingrown toenail • Athlete’s foot • Plantar fasciitis

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