Module 3: Roadway Facility Selection

1. Module 3: Roadway Facility Selection • The on-road operating environment • Bicyclists’ safety and comfort measurement • Group exercise - Bicycle LOS applications

2. Uniform Vehicle Code UVC § 11-1202 Traffic laws apply to persons on bicycles and other human powered vehicles Every person propelling a vehicle by human power or riding a bicycle shall have all the rights and all of the duties applicable to the driver of any other vehicle under Chapters 10 and 11, except as to special regulations in this article and except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application.

3. Photo by SCI Motorists’ needs for facility sizing...

4. Bicyclists’ needs affecting facility sizing...

5. Bicycle Level of Service Model Bicycle LOS = a1ln(Vol15/L) + a2SPt(1+10.38HV)2 + a3(1/PC5)2 - a4(We)2 + C Vol15 = volume of directional traffic in 15 minutes time period L = total number of through lanes SPt = effective speed limit (see below) SPt = 1.12ln(SPP -20) + 0.81 SPP = Posted speed limit HV = percentage of heavy vehicles PC5 = FHWA’s five point surface condition rating We = Average effective width of outside through lane

6. Common Roadway and Traffic Conditions that Affect Bicyclists

7. Common Roadway and Traffic Conditions that Affect Bicyclists • Effective travel width for bicyclists • On-street parking encroachments • Volume of motor vehicles • Speed of traffic • Proportion of heavy vehicles • Pavement surface condition

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17. Bicycle Level of Service Model Bicycle LOS = a1ln(Vol15/L) + a2SPt(1+10.38HV)2 + a3(1/PC5)2 - a4(We)2 + C Vol15 = volume of directional traffic in 15 minutes time period L = total number of through lanes SPt = effective speed limit (see below) SPt = 1.12ln(SPP -20) + 0.81 SPP = Posted speed limit HV = percentage of heavy vehicles PC5 = FHWA’s five point surface condition rating We = Average effective width of outside through lane

18. Photo by SCI The Ride for Science - Tampa, FL 1995

19. 25 20 15 10 5 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 4,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 Number of Bicyclists Miles graphic by SCI

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21. 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Number of Bicyclists <20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 >65 Age Group (Years) Photo by SCI

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33. Bicycle Level of Service Model Bicycle LOS = a1ln(Vol15/L) + a2SPt(1+10.38HV)2 + a3(1/PC5)2 - a4(We)2 + C Coefficients T-Statistics a1 = 0.507 5.689 a2 = 0.199 3.844 a3 = 7.066 4.902 a4 = 0.005 9.844 C = 0.760 n/a R2 = 0.77

34. Bicycle Level of Service Categories Level-of-Service BLOS Score > A 1.5 > B 1.5 2.5 > and > > C 2.5 3.5 and > > D 3.5 4.5 and > E 4.5 5.5 > and F 5.5 >

36. BLOS Category BLOS Score (BLOS) 4.10 D “Example Street” PC5 = 4 (good pavement) Wt = 12 ft SPp = 40 mph ADT = 12,000 vpd Assume Kd = 0.09 D = 0.50 PHF = 1.00 Ln = 2

37. Effects of Lane Width and Lane Striping Bicycle LOS % Change in “stress” Wt = 10 ft 4.4 5% increase Wt = 11 ft 4.3 3% increase Wt = 12 ft - - (example street)- - 4.1 - - - - - - - - - no change Wt = 13 ft 4.0 3% reduction Wt = 14 ft 3.9 6% reduction Wt = 15 ft (Wl = 3 ft) 3.7 (3.2) 9% (22%) reduction Wt = 16 ft (Wl = 4 ft) 3.6 (2.9) 13% (31%) reduction Wt = 17 ft (Wl = 5 ft) 3.4 (2.5) 17% (41%) reduction Wt = 18 ft (Wl = 6 ft) 3.2 (2.0) 21% (52%) reductiona a Outside the variable’s range present on the course

38. Photo by SCI Bicycle LOS A

39. Photo by SCI Bicycle LOS B

40. Bicycle LOS C

41. Bicycle LOS D

42. Photo by SCI Bicycle LOS E - F

43. Module 3: Roadway Facility Selection • The on-road operating environment • Bicyclists’ safety and comfort measurement • Group exercise - Bicycle LOS applications

44. …Open Your Reference Manual...