Caring for your Skin, Hair, and Nails

1. Lesson 1 Chapter 2 Caring for your Skin, Hair, and Nails

2. Why should I care about my skin and hair? Appearance is important, but taking care of your skin, hair and nails is essential to good health.

3. My skin • Skin is the largest body sense organ. • It has many functions including: • Protects the body from diseases. • Cushions the body from bumps and injuries, and acts as a waterproof barrier. • Senses texture, temperature, pain, and pressure. • Rids the body of excess heat and some wastes.

4. My skin      Hair follicle 

5. Skin Anatomy Important parts: 1. Epidermis: Outer protective layer of skin  Keeps fluids in and germs out.  dead skin cells shed every day and new cells are produced then they become the dead top layer in about 4 weeks.

6. Skin Anatomy Important parts: 2. Dermis: lower and thicker layer than epidermis.  Contains several structures including: a) Sweat glands b) Oil glands: produce oil, which helps keep the skin soft and smooth. c) Hair follicles: tiny sacs from which hairs grow. 3. Fatty tissue: cushions and insulates the body.

7. Skin Anatomy Important facts: • As human is adolescent, more oil is produced from oil glands on the head, face, neck, chest and back. • This oil can plug the pores in the skin, causing a skin disorder called acne. • If the oil plug pushes to the surface of the skin, it is turned into black by the air, which results in a blackhead. • The plugged-up pore may become infected by bacteria forming a swollen pimple.

8. Skin Anatomy Important facts: • Sweating occurs when the body get hot or in the strong emotions. • Evaporation of sweat helps in: a) cooling the body. b) getting rid of excess water and waste.  Sweat is odorless, but bacteria on the skin act on sweat and oils to produce chemicals that cause body odor.

9. The foundation of healthy hair is a well-balanced diet. Tips for Healthy skin and hair Regular bathing or showering can help control both acne and body odor. Regular shampooing is a must to keep your hair healthy. It removes dirt and extra oil. Washing the face in the morning and before going to bed gently. Daily brushing keeps dirt from building up and helps distribute the natural hair oils evenly. Use a comb on wet hair instead of a brush.

10. Cut your nails straight across top. Use lotion regularly. Keep your fingernails and toenails clean and dry. Notify your parents at the first sign of an infection, and visit your doctor. Use soft brush to clean under nails Tips for Nail Care Use a nail clipper to clip hangnails Don’t bite your fingernails.

11. Dandruff: Dandruff is made of flaky clumps of dead skin cells from the scalp. Causes of dandruff: Cold or very dry weather, which cause skin to flake. Treatment of dandruff: With a medicated shampoo. Severe dandruff may need to consult a dermatologist.

12. Head lice are tiny parasites that feed on blood vessels in the scalp. They crawl onto hair shaft and lay their eggs. Spread of head lice: They can be spread by sharing brushes, pillows, hair accessories or clothing. Treatment of head lice: With a medicated shampoo. Head lice:

13. Are artificial nails safe? They can cause some health risks: • Some nail glues and removers contain toxic substances. • They can damage the natural nail if they are left in place for a long time. • Chemicals used to apply them are highly flammable. • Tools used in salons can spread bacterial and fungal infections.

14. Protect your skin from the sun • Sunlight can damage your skin. • Ultraviolet (UV) rays given off the sun cause sunburn. • Too much sun can cause skin cancer.

15. All exposed skin should be covered with sunscreen*. Dry clothing and a hat with a brim provide good protection from the sun. Protect your skin from the sun

16. Protect your skin from the sun • Sunscreen: is cream, oil or lotion containing chemicals that protect skin from UV rays. • It comes in different strengths indicated by a number called SPF. • “Sun Protection Factor” SPF indicates how many times longer you can stay in the sun without burning than without using the sunscreen.

17. Protect your skin from the sun • The higher the SPF, the more protection the sunscreen provides. • The best sunscreens protect against two types of UV rays: UVA and UVB

18. Protect your skin from the sun • If you use a sunscreen with SPF 40, you can stay in the sun without burning 40 times longer than you could without the sunscreen. Skin normally begins to burn after 15 min., so, using a sunscreen with SPF40 means that you will stay for 4015=600 min. (10 hours) without burning.

19. Protect your skin from the sun Jeff started applying sunscreen with a SPF of 8 to his skin as soon as he began fishing at 9 o'clock this morning. He usually burns after about 25 minutes in the sun. It is now 4 o’clock. Is the lotion still protecting him? With a burn rate of 25 minutes x a SPF of 8, Jeff is protected for 200 minutes or 3.3 hours. After that the lotion is ineffective. Jeff has been in the sun now for seven hours! So, no, the lotion protected him just for 3 hours, but now he is not protected.

20. Lesson’s Activity • Work in pairs. • Prepare a quick power point presentation about one of hair and nail problems, diseases or disorders from the list below. Eczema Paronychia Skin cancer Acne Skin burns Dandruff Hair loss head lice Nail fungus You can refer to the following site or other sites for help: http://www.khake.com/page34.html