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Genetic polymorphisms of Cox enzyme and risk of colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma:

Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto. Introdução à Medicina. Genetic polymorphisms of Cox enzyme and risk of colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma: A systematic review.

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Genetic polymorphisms of Cox enzyme and risk of colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma:

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  1. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto Introdução à Medicina Genetic polymorphisms of Cox enzyme and risk of colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma: A systematic review Ana Filipa Lima; Ana Teresa Pinheiro; Hugo André Macedo; Filipa Bazenga Fernandes; João Artur Coimbra; Lúcia Elisa Guedes; Mara Vanessa Fernandes; Miguel Pinto Freitas; Patrícia Manuela Marques; Rui Fernando Castro; Sara Sofia Gouveia; Telma Anita Brito; Mário Dinis Ribeiro. Prof. Doutor Altamiro Costa Pereira

  2. Summary • Introduction • Aim • Methods • Plan of study • Data Base selection • Query selection • Inclusion and exclusion criteria • Selection of abstracts • Selection of articles • Extraction of data • Statistical analyses • Results • Conclusion

  3. Introduction Cancer rate distribution in Portugal (IARC, 2002) • Cancer is the second leading cause of death. (Robbins Basic Pathology, 2003) • Colon cancer is the second cause of death related with cancer in Portugal.

  4. Introduction • Adenomas are neoplastic polyps that range from small tumors to large lesions. (Robbins Basic Pathology,2003) (Robbins Basic Pathology,2003)

  5. Introduction Cancer rate and aging • Spontaneous mutations • Epidemiologic factors (IARC, Portuguese population (Vila Nova de Gaia),1995)

  6. Introduction • There is strong evidence that connects a chronic • inflammatory reaction with the development of neoplasias. Reactive Intermediates of oxygen and nitrogen released DNA damage Polimorfisms in genes…IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL, CCR, COX-2 Prostaglandins (Immunology ,2003)

  7. Introduction • Genetic polymorphisms are related to changes in one nucleotide or a sequence of nucleotides in DNA. (Robbins Basic Pathology, 2003)) • Cox enzymes (cyclooxygenase enzyme), also known as PTGS enzymes, convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, a precursor to all prostanoids, and are produced in the organism in response to inflammation in precancerous and cancerous tissues. ( Vane, J. R.,1971 ) (Biology queensu)

  8. Aims • To estimate the risk of colon adenoma or adenocarcinoma among individuals with Cox polymorphisms.

  9. Methods: Type of study Systematicreview Observational studies Case-control Studies Cohort Studies

  10. Methods: Selection of Papers • Database search using Medline PubMed:

  11. Methods: Selection of Papers • Database search using Scopus:

  12. Methods: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria • Inclusion: • Observational studies relating Cox polymorphisms to colon cancer or adenoma; • Exclusion: • Studies focused on non-human subjects; • Studies in languages besides English, French, Spanish or Portuguese;

  13. Data base: Medline PubMed/Scopus Scopus Medline N=21 N=48 Abstracts N=69 Abstracts not included N=46 Articles N=13 Excluded Included N=6 N=7

  14. Methods: Variables Publication: • Title • Authors • Journal • Year of publication Studies: • Type of study and duration • Selection methods • Number of individuals • Age • Gender distribution • Location of the study • Ethnic origin Procedures: • Polymorphism • Laboratory methodology • Quality

  15. Results: Description of articles included

  16. Risk of adenoma

  17. Risk of adenocarcinoma

  18. Conclusion: • Any conclusion on the risk of adenoma or adenocarcinoma related to Cox polymorphisms is precocious. • The heterogeneity found may be related to differences in function of polymorphisms and types of study. • Further studies with adequate design should address to the polymorphisms with the most significant results.

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