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The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution. Industrial Revolution . The great increase of production that began in England during the 18 th century. Steps To Industrialization. 2 nd Agricultural Revolution of the 1700s 1) Enclosure Movement

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The Industrial Revolution

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  1. The Industrial Revolution

  2. Industrial Revolution The great increase of production that began in England during the 18th century

  3. Steps To Industrialization • 2nd Agricultural Revolution of the 1700s • 1) Enclosure Movement • Wealthy landowners bought small farms and then enclosed it with hedges or fences • Experimented with seeding and harvesting methods • 2) New farming methods Seed drill • Allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths Crop rotation • Best development • Instead of leaving a field lying fallow, farmers rotated their crops

  4. “Enclosed” Lands Today

  5. Which Leads TO…….. • More healthy people • Population growth • Need for more goods • Need for factories to make these goods • Need for people to move to cities to work the jobs. • More food production

  6. Quick Recap • How did an agricultural revolution lead to industrialization?

  7. Why Was Britain The First To Industrialize? • Political stability • No wars on their turf • Military success = positive outlook • Laws to encourage business ventures • Factors of Production • Resources needed to produce goods and services: • Land • Labor (workers) • Capital (wealth)

  8. Why was Britain The First To Industrialize? • Resources • An expanding economy with a highly developed banking system (loans) • Natural resources: • Harbors (for merchant ships) • Water power • Rivers for inland transportation • Iron ore for machines, tools, and buildings • Coal to fuel new machines

  9. Quick Recap • Why was Britain the first country to industrialize?

  10. Industrial Revolution Inventions • First, The Textile Industry • Flying shuttle—doubled work of a weaver • Spinning jenny—spinning wheel that could work eight threads at a time • Power loom—sped up weaving • Bulky/heavy machines led to the need for factories (people used work at home weaving) • Factories housed the machines • Factories were built near rivers for water power

  11. John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”

  12. The Power Loom

  13. Industrial Revolution Inventions • Second, The Transportation Industry • Steam engine • Factories • Steam Ships

  14. The Engine

  15. Transportation Industry BOOMS! • Transportation Industry • Created from Steam Engine • Effects of railroads: • Cheap transportation of goods (boosted fishing and agriculture industries) • New jobs for railroad workers and miners • Encouraged leisure travel and city jobs

  16. MacAdams Roads

  17. Quick Recap How did the textile and transportation industries revolutionize Great Britain?

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