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Sociology 19.1

Sociology 19.1. Group Behavior. What is Sociology. Sociology is the study of society and human social action Includes the examination of the origins, institutions, organization, and development of human life. What is a Group?. A collection of people who have shared goals

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Sociology 19.1

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  1. Sociology 19.1 Group Behavior

  2. What is Sociology • Sociology is the study of society and human social action • Includes the examination of the origins, institutions, organization, and development of human life

  3. What is a Group? • A collection of people who have shared goals • Must have a degree of interdependence • Some amount of communication • Aggregate: no interaction/shared goals • Group: Interaction and shared goals • Examples?

  4. Examples of some groups • Fenton High School students • FHS Athletes • FHS Soccer Players • FHS Girls’ Soccer Team • FHS Varsity Girls’ Soccer Team

  5. Interdependence • Any action by one member influences another member • Elections are an example of interdependence

  6. Communication • Encourages debate • Increases commitment

  7. Shared Goals • Task functions – activities directed towards getting a job done • Social functions – responses directed toward satisfying the emotional needs of members

  8. Norms • Shared standards accepted by the group

  9. Ideology • Ideas, attitudes and goals

  10. Commitment • Requiring personal sacrifice increases commitment. • Active participation also increases commitment

  11. In Group vs. Out Group

  12. Deindividuation • A person’s behavior becomes less inhibited in groups • Which leads to more impulsive acts Examples???

  13. Sociology 19.2 Conformity and Obedience

  14. The Experiments • Today we will be looking at three famous experiments in psychology to learn more about how norms affect our behavior. • Record the findings as well as your own reflections for each experiment as we review them in class.

  15. The Asch Experiment – Trial 1 1 A B C

  16. The Asch Experiment – Trial 2 2 A B C

  17. The Asch Experiment – Trial 3 3 A B C

  18. The Asch Experiment - What really happened? • 1952 Solomon Asch • Hypothesis – If people are in a room with others who all give one answer, they will conform. • Method • Show participants cards in which there is clearly a correct answer. • Ask confederates (actors) to give a specific answer. • Record to see if the subjects conformed to the group. • Repeat 12 times • Results – 1/3 of 50 participants yielded at least 50% of the time

  19. Your reflections: • Read the factors that increase conformity on page 558. Which three have made you conform in the past? • Provide an example of when you have conformed to a norm.

  20. The Milgram Experiment 1963 Stanley Milgram Hypothesis – If people are told by an authority figure to administer painful shocks, then the minority of subjects will do so. Method – see Figure 19.12

  21. Milgram Experiment Video Clip • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yr5cjyokVUs • Results – 65% of the participants were obedient to the perceived authority

  22. The Zimbardo Prison Experiment • 1975 Philip Zimbardo • Hypothesis – If people are given a role, then they will follow that role. • Method • Watch this video and take notes! • Results – What did you see?

  23. Sociology 19.3 Conflict and Cooperation

  24. Group Violence • Aggression: behavior intended to harm others • What causes aggression? • Biological Influences • Ex: Serotonin • Cognitive Factors • Ex: Imitation • Personality Factors • Ex: Traits • Environmental Factors • Ex: Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis

  25. Controlling Aggression • Catharsis • Releasing anger by letting out powerful negative emotions

  26. Group ConflictGangs • Social Gangs • Groups that hang out in specific locations, may hold to norms of society • Delinquent Gangs • Organized for monetary gang, stealing • Violent Gangs • Organized for emotional gratification of committing violent activities

  27. Diffusion of Responsibility • The presence of others lessens an individual’s feelings of responsibility for his or her actions • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdpdUbW8vbw

  28. Other Group Effects • Bystander effect • No action bc others are around • Social loafing • Don’t work as hard when sharing workload • Deindividuation • Acting irrationally when less chance of being personally identified

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