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Present Day Delhi Sultanate Countries

Present Day Delhi Sultanate Countries. Ismail Umar. Map of the Delhi Sultanate. Countries. India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. Geography of India. Occupies most of the Indian Subcontinent in Southern Asia One third the size of the USA

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Present Day Delhi Sultanate Countries

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  1. Present Day Delhi Sultanate Countries Ismail Umar

  2. Map of the Delhi Sultanate

  3. Countries • India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan

  4. Geography of India • Occupies most of the Indian Subcontinent in Southern Asia • One third the size of the USA • Borders on China in the northeast, Pakistan on the west, Nepal and Bhutan on the north, and Burma and Bangladesh on the east • Geography can be divided into three major groups: Northern, Indo-Gangetic Plain and Southern • North is mountainous, Indo-Gangetic Plain is where most agriculture takes place, and Southern is the plateau region • Three great river systems: The Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra • All have extensive deltas and all rise up into the Himalayas

  5. Demographics • Population: 1,236,344,631 • Total dependency ratio: 51.8% • Median age (male and female): 27 years • Population growth rate: 1.25% • Gender ratio: 1.08 males/female

  6. Geography of Pakistan • On the Western part of the Indian Subcontinent • China on the north, Iran on the west, India on the east, and Arabian Sea on the south • The Indus River (1000 miles long) flows through the country from the Kashmir region to the Arabian Sea • Northern and Western highlands contain the Karakoram and Pamir mountain ranges, which contain some of the world’s largest peaks • K2 and Nanga Parbat are examples • Pakistan is nearly twice the size of California

  7. Demographics • Population: 196,174,380 • Total dependency ratio: 60.4% • Median Age (male and female): 22.6 years • Population growth rate: 1.49% • Gender ratio: 1.06 males/female

  8. Geography of Bangladesh • Northern coast of the Bay of Bengal • Surrounded by India • Small common border with Myanmar in the southeast • Many branches of the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers pass through the country • Slightly smaller than the state of Iowa

  9. Demographics • Population: 166,280,712 • Total dependency ratio: 52.2% • Median age (male and female): 24.3 years • Population growth rate: 1.6% • Gender ratio: 0.95 males/female

  10. Geography of Afghanistan • Bordered on the north by Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan • On the extreme northeast by China • On the east and south by Pakistan • Split East to West by Hindu Kush mountain range • Approximately the size of Texas

  11. Demographics • Population: 31,822,848 • Total dependency ratio: 93.1% • Median age (male and female): 18.1 years • Population growth rate: 2.29% • Gender ratio: 1.03 males/female

  12. Culture/Administration of India • Among the world’s oldest cultures, dating back about 5,000 years • Over 400 languages spoken, with the country being divided into 28 states and 7 territories • Food: Arab, Turkish and European influences utilizing several different herbs and spices • Many Hindus are vegetarians, but lamb and chicken are the common choices of meat for non-vegetarians • India has a dance tradition that is more than 2,000 years old • Traditional clothing for women is the sari, with men wearing dhotis, or kurtas • Government is a federal republic with two legislative bodies • Executive branch of the government has a chief of state and a head of government

  13. Culture/Administration of Pakistan • Official language is Urdu, with English, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pushto, Balochi, Saraiki being commonly spoken • Like Indian cuisine, Pakistani cuisine is also influenced by Turkish, Arab and European cuisine • Spices are greatly used • The use of ghee – or clarified butter – is common • The country observes Muslim law, which is why alcohol and pork is illegal • Islamic holidays such as Eid are observed • Traditional clothing is shalwarkameez • Government consists of a Prime minister, president and a Parliament with the senate being the upper house and National assembly being the lower house

  14. Culture/Administration of Bangladesh • Formerly known as East Pakistan • Primary language is Bangla, and is divided into sadhu basha (formal language) and cholitbasha (common language) • Popular foods include rice, fish, and vegetables cooked in a spicy curry sauce • Food is normally consumed with the right hand, but restaurant catering to foreigners may use silverware • Traditional dress for men is the lungi and for women it is the sari • Clothes can indicate status in a society, with white clothes on a man indicating high status. For a woman, an intricate sari indicated high status • Government consists of a president, prime minister and a unicameral (one house) parliament • Prime minister is appointed by president

  15. Culture/Administration of Afghanistan • Official languages are Persian and Pushto • Educated and urban people prefer to speak Persian • Afghan good is generally less spicy than the cuisine belonging to other countries in the subcontinent • Yoghurt, meat stock, flatbread, dried fruits and nuts are the foundation of Afghan cuisine • Tea is drunk throughout the day • On special occasions, pulao is served with mutton, dried fruits, carrots and nuts • The country follows Islamic law, so only meat slaughtered according to Islamic rules can be eaten • The Taliban has control over the country, which is why it takes no part in official trade • The government is only recognized by Pakistan, the UAE and Saudi Arabia

  16. Society/Religion of India • The country is divided into 28 states and 7 territories • People are primarily divided into two different ethnicities: Aryan and Dravidian • About 84% of the population is Hindu • Many Hindu sects exist, such as Shaiva, Vaishnava, Shakteya, and Smarta • 13% of the population is Muslim. This makes India one of the largest Islamic nations in the world • Very few Christians and Sikhs, and even fewer Jains and Buddhists • The caste system is the foundation of Indian society

  17. Society/Religion of Pakistan • 4 major provinces/ethnicities (though it is argued that more than 4 exist) • Approximately 95% of the population is Muslim, with a very small amount of Christians, Buddhists, Hindus and Parsis • All Muslim holidays and days of worship are observed (Ex: EidMilad-Un-Nabi and Ramzan) • No caste system exists • Low literacy rates and child labor are prominent issues

  18. Society/Religion of Bangladesh • In 1947, many Hindus moved to West Bengal, and millions of Muslims went to East Pakistan (Bangladesh) which led to conflict • Nowadays, Muslims and Hindus – for the most part – live in harmony • Class system exists, both in Muslim and Hindu societies • In the Muslim societies, ashrafis the name given to upperclass Muslims descended from Muslim officials in Afghanistan. The rest of the people are known was atraf • In rural areas, the amount of land and education one has dictates social stature • The life of most women is centered around their children, and the household • Two female Prime Ministers since 1991

  19. Society/Religion of Afghanistan • Dominant Muslim role is present in the country • The country recognizes the authority of the Qur’an • Tensions between different sects (Sunni, Shia, Sufi etc.) exist • Artistic expression has been banned by the Taliban • Literacy is almost non existent, with only 22 percent of the adult population having received any form of formal education • Interaction between males and females outside the family is nearly nonexistent, and is highly frowned upon

  20. Architecture of India • There are 8 historic types of cities and towns: ancient pilgrimage centers, local market towns, medieval fortified towns, ancient seaports, military centers originally set up by the British, modern administrative centers, industrial centers, and large modern-day metropolises • Indian architecture – like Indian cuisine – shows Persian, Turkic and Arabic influences • Large temples showing influence from different religions such as Islam, Christianity, Hinduism and Sikhism is apparent • The TajMahal is one of the most popular examples of Islamic architecture present in India

  21. Architecture of Pakistan • The relative newness of Islamabad – the capital – is the reason for it having relatively modern architecture • Rawalpindi, which is right next to Islamabad is almost 3000 years old, and has kept its historical look • Lahore is another well known area, which is about 4000 years old and was the cultural center for the Mughal Empire • Some of the famous buildings and parks of Pakistan are the Shalimar Gardens, Minar-e-Pakistan, and Faisal masjid

  22. Architecture of Bangladesh • Village houses are usually rectangular, and are made of dried mud, bamboo or red brick • Usually, kitchens are separate structures made from mud or bamboo, and are referred to as “ranaghor” • Most are built on top of a platform to keep them above the flood line • Mughal and Islamic influences are found in the cities • Curved arches and minarets are examples

  23. Architecture of Afghanistan • Several historical places such as Herat and Ghazni are present, but after so many years of war, their preservation is considered to be important • Most towns and cities are in ruins, and the concept of reconstruction is virtually unknown • High walls and multi-storied houses made of mud and straw are popular in the south and center • In the North, the compounds are smaller and much stronger • Houses are built in a way that the private and public parts are separated so that women may not come in contact with strangers

  24. Trade and Commerce in India • Major trading partners are Russia, the US, the UK and Germany • Economy is based on agriculture • The major industries are tourism, clothing, tea, and coffee • A recent rise in the computer software industry has also been noted

  25. Trade and Commerce in Pakistan • Major exports include cotton, rice, leather goods, carpets, handicrafts and food • Major imports are vehicles, iron ore, petrol, and industrial equipment • International trade partners: US, Hong Kong, Japan, Germany, UK, and UAE • 48% of workers in service sector, 25 in agriculture and 27 in industry

  26. Trade and Commerce in Bangladesh • Total exports in 1996: $4.4 billion • Primary export items: fish, garments, and textiles • Total imports: $7.1 billion • Main items for import: capital goods, grains, petrol, and chemicals • Agriculture accounts for about 25% of the GDP

  27. Trade and Commerce in Afghanistan • The government is not recognized by the international community, which is why international trade may not take place • Wool, dry fruits and fresh fruits are exported to Pakistan, UAE and Saudi Arabia, but the major portion of Afghanistan’s exports is narcotics such as hash and heroin • Goods such as cars, ACs, TVs, and radios are imported (tax free) through Pakistan • These products then get smuggled to other countries

  28. Economy of India • Highest amount of workers in the farming/agricultural sector • GDP per capita is approx. $1,500 • Annual inflation is approx. 9% • Plantation crops like tea, coffee, and rubber are very important as they attract foreign investment

  29. Economy of Pakistan • GDP per capita is approx. $1,300 • About 35% of Pakistanis live below the poverty line • Relies heavily on foreign loans • The sale of handicrafts is popular, and it makes up a large percentage of commercial sales

  30. Economy of Bangladesh • One of the poorest countries in the world • Per capita GNP of only $350 • 75% of workforce focuses on agriculture

  31. Economy of Afghanistan • Wheat is the principal crop • Cotton used to be a major sash crop, but the Taliban have converted agricultural land to poppy cultivation for heroin • Pretty much all manufactured goods have to be imported • The economy depends on smuggled goods, and no definitive statistics for GDP or GNP exist

  32. Sources • http://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/demographics_profile.html • http://www.indexmundi.com/india/demographics_profile.html • http://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/demographics_profile.html • http://www.indexmundi.com/afghanistan/demographics_profile.html • http://www.infoplease.com/country/afghanistan.html • http://www.infoplease.com/country/pakistan.htm • http://www.infoplease.com/country/india.html • http://www.infoplease.com/country/bangladesh.html • http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blcpakistan.html • http://geography.about.com/od/indiamaps/a/indiageography.htm • http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blcbangladesh.htm • http://geography.about.com/od/afghanistanmaps/a/afghanistangeography.htm • http://www.bangla2000.com/bangladesh/geography.shtm • http://www.livescience.com/28634-indian-culture.html • http://www.everyculture.com/No-Sa/Pakistan.html • http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Bangladesh.html • http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Afghanistan.html • http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/India.html

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