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Chapter 9: Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire

The Impact Today: Ancient Rome literary works exist today because they were copied by monks. The influence of English common law is seen in our American legal system. Byzantine architecture inspired building styles in eastern Europe and Southwest Asia.

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Chapter 9: Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire

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  1. The Impact Today: • Ancient Rome literary works exist today because they were copied by monks. • The influence of English common law is seen in our American legal system. • Byzantine architecture inspired building styles in eastern Europe and Southwest Asia. Chapter 9: Emerging Europe and the Byzantine Empire

  2. The new European civilization was formed by the Germanic peoples, the legacy of the Romans, and the Church. Charlemagne expanded the Frankish kingdom and created the Carolingian Empire. 9.1 Main Ideas:

  3. Important Terms: • Visigoths…took control of Spain and Italy • Ostrogoths…took control of Italy in the fifth century • Anglo-Saxons…Germanic tribes from Denmark and northern Germany • Kingdom of the Franks…Clovis • Role of the church…by the fourth century, the Christian church had developed a system of organization. priests- bishop- diocese- archbishop- popes • The pope still lived within Rome. • Monks • Charlemagne and the Carolingians • Video and Questions • Read page 284 and study the diagram on page 289. Section 1: Transforming the Roman World

  4. Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims invaded Europe during the ninth and tenth centuries. The collapse of central authority in the European world led to a new political system known as feudalism. 9.2 Main Ideas

  5. Feudalism-social system Vassal Knights fief Feudal contract Feudalism

  6. During the High Middle Ages, European monarchs began to extend their power and build strong states. The Slavic peoples formed three distinct groups, and they settled in different parts of eastern Europe. 9.3 Main Ideas

  7. England Kingdom • Norman Conquest • Oct. 14 1066 • William of Normandy • King Harold and the Battle of Hastings • William crowned himself King • Domesday Book • Henry II • Common law • Church…Thomas Becket • Magna Carta…Great Charter • King John…1215 • Edward I…English parliament (House of Lords and House of Commons) • Passed laws and granted taxes • French Kingdom • Capetian Kings • King Philip II…Louis IX…Philip IV (estates) Section 3: The Growth of European Kingdoms

  8. Holy Roman Empire (Read Section) • Otto I • As leaders of a new Roman Empire, the German kings attempted to rule both German and Italian lands. Frederick I and Frederick II, instead of building a strong German Kingdom, tried to create a new empire. • Holy Roman Empire • Central and Eastern Europe • Slavs • Czechs • Hungary • Russia • Vikings • Kiev • Vladimir • 13th century the Mongols conquered Russia • Alexander Nevsky Section 3:

  9. The Byzantine Empire created its own unique civilization in the eastern Mediterranean. The Crusades impacted medieval society both the East and West. 9.4 Main ideas

  10. Justinian: became emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire in 527, he was determined to reestablish the Roman Empire. • Byzantine Empire: A Greek (changed from Latin to Greek after the fall of the Western Roman Empire) and Christian state. Created the Eastern Orthodox Church. Emperor had control over the state and church. • Constantinople: until the 12th century Constantinople was medieval Europe’s greatest center of commerce, connection between the East and West • Justinian built Constantinople up, through roads, schools, churches, public baths, etc. • Macedonians Dynasty- Took control of the Byzantine Empire/Read from book. • Continue to expand the empire • Problems with the church (orthodox vs. Catholicism) • Power of the Pope • Threats from the Turks…turn to Europe for help Section 4: The Byzantine Empire and the Crusades

  11. What were Justinian’s accomplishments? • What was his goal during reign? • Do you feel he was a good ruler? Why or Why not? • What was his Body of Civil Laws? Video:

  12. Hagia Sophia: example of Byzantine architecture

  13. Watching a video on the First Crusade. • Focus Questions: • What was the purpose of the Crusades? • Why did common people join the Crusades? • What were the lasting consequences of the Crusades in Europe and the Middle East? Refer to the video and textbook to answer these questions. Answer these focus questions in paragraph format. Along with answering these questions, add questions and comments you had related to the First Crusade video. • Typed, 12 size font, double spaced • At least 3 paragraphs in length. Crusades

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