1 / 48

A-to-Z of Preparing Oil & Gas PVT Data for Reservoir Simulation Curtis H. Whitson NTNU / PERA

A-to-Z of Preparing Oil & Gas PVT Data for Reservoir Simulation Curtis H. Whitson NTNU / PERA. Tasks. Collecting samples. Which PVT lab tests to use. Designing special PVT studies. Quality controlling PVT data. Heptanes-plus data and characterization. Initial EOS model.

abrawn
Download Presentation

A-to-Z of Preparing Oil & Gas PVT Data for Reservoir Simulation Curtis H. Whitson NTNU / PERA

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A-to-ZofPreparing Oil & Gas PVT DataforReservoir SimulationCurtis H. WhitsonNTNU / PERA

  2. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  3. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  4. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  5. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  6. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  7. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  8. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  9. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  10. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  11. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  12. Tasks • Collecting samples. • Which PVT lab tests to use. • Designing special PVT studies. • Quality controlling PVT data. • Heptanes-plus data and characterization. • Initial EOS model. • Tuning an EOS model. • Viscosities. • Fluid initialization. • Minimizing number of EOS components. • Black-oil PVT tables.

  13. Collecting Samples Why? • PVT data to develop a model.

  14. Collecting Samples Why? • PVT data to develop a model. • Compositions for fluid initialization.

  15. Collecting Samples Why? • PVT data to develop a model. • Compositions for fluid initialization. • Crude assays for process design.

  16. Collecting Samples How? Oils • Bottomhole samples. • Surface separator samples. • MDT / RCI Gas Condensates • Surface separator samples. • MDT / RCI

  17. Collecting Samples How? Oils • Bottomhole samples. • Surface separator samples. • MDT / RCI Gas Condensates • Surface separator samples. • MDT / RCI Saturated Gas / Oil Systems • Gas-cone an oil producer – perfect!. • ECM (equilibrium contact mixing)

  18. Open-hole SamplersMDT / RCI • Potential Problems • Oil-based muds. • Oils -- OK usually. • Gas condensates – Also OK (quite good). • Surface cooling before removal. • Bubblepoint suppression.

  19. MDT Sampling with MPSR bottles To pump and formation Fire-open valve open To pump and formation To pump and formation Fire-open valve operated to fill Fire-close valve closed Fire-open valve Fire-close valve operated post filling Dead volume (<10cc) – now gas filled and the gas will be lost Fire-close valve Dead volume (<10cc) – now oil filled Dead volume (<10cc) – initially water filled Manual close valve now operated to extract MPSR from MDT tool Manual close valve Manual close valve 450cc of 2 phase hydrocarbon at surface temp and some pressure 450cc of single phase oil at res temp and pressure Piston MPSR MPSR MPSR Water from dead volume Water from dead volume 450cc MPSR bottle Piston Piston Post Sampling Now at surface Post Sampling but downhole Prior to Sampling

  20. Which PVT Lab Tests to Use What are you simulating? • Depletion. • Water injection. • Condensate blockage. • Gas injection. • Miscible. • Immiscible.

  21. Designing Special PVT Studies • Condensate Blockage. • Condensate viscosities. • Miscible Gas Injection. • Through-critical swelling test. • Vro , compositions and K-values! • Immiscible Gas Injection. • Vaporization tests.

  22. Quality Controlling PVT Data • Compositions !!! • Recombination. • Extended GC. • Mass-to-mole conversion. • C7+ properties. • Molecular weight and specific gravity. • Use trend plots. • Ps vs wt-% methane and/or C7+.

  23. C7+ Data and Characterization • Correlate MW and SG of C7+. • Define trends & identify ”outliers”. • Use TBP Data. • Gamma distribution model fit. • SCN MW-SG relationship. • Downstream Assay data always available. • Extended GC Data. • Gamma distribution model fit. • Ignore heaviest amount and MW.

  24. Assay Data

  25. Initial EOS Model • Default Parameters – don’t mess with ’em. • C6- properties M, Tc, pc, . • C6- properties volume shift s(=c/b). • Non-HC / HC BIPs kij. • C7+ Characterization. • Minimum 3 fractions (not C7, C8, C9+ !). • Methane-C7+ BIPs. • SG-TB-MW relationship; Tc, pc, (Tb). • Volume shift treatment s(). • Always keep fraction SGs ”fit” by EOS.

  26. Tuning an EOS Model • Densities Don’t Need Regressing! • What’s Left to Fit? • Nothing but K-values ... but how ??? • Check Consistency! • Monotonic K-values of hydrocarbons. • Three-phase existence (from EOS model). • Serious problem for EOS models!

  27. Viscosities • LBC (Lorenz-Bray-Clark / Jossi-Thodos) • Need accurate densities. • Modify C7+ Vc values. • Make sure fraction viscosities are monotonic. • LBC polynomial coefficients. • BE CAREFUL! • Pedersen. • Better predictions than LBC. • Regression - ?

  28. Fluid Initialization • Plot C6+ versus Depth. • Initial Oil in Place plot. • Use error bars. • Depth and composition. • Uncertainty Analysis. • Use isothermal gradient model. • Defines maximum compositional variation. • Use constant composition. • Defines minimum compositional variation.

  29. Fluid Initialization • Black-Oil vs Compositional. • Use consistent EOS model. • Use consistent surface process. • Use solution GOR (Rs and Rv) for black-oil model. • Based on EOS model initialization.

  30. Minimizing Number of EOS Components • Basis of Comparison. • Detailed & Tuned EOS model. • Stepwise lumping procedure. • Check entire relevant p-compositioni space. • Depletion data. • Gas injection data. • Miscibility data. • Delumping ? • Detailed & Tuned EOS model.

  31. Black-Oil PVT Tables • Select Depletion Test. • Define Surface Separation. • Consistency. • Negative compressibilities. • Saturated gas / oil systems. • Compositional grading. • Extrapolation. • Undersaturated GOC (ECL100). • Gas injection.

  32. Black-Oil PVT Tables • Delumping to Compositional Streams ?

  33. Split Factor BOz Conversion z1 q1 = qg q2 = qo z2 qg . . . Sij qo zn

  34. North Sea Full-FieldBlack-oil to Compositional conversion • 2 Platforms / 2 Processes. • ~ 50 wells. • ~ 1000 well-grid connections. • Gas injection. • 2 Black-oil PVT regions. • Huge (GB) summary files. • > 100,000 stream conversions.

  35. North Sea Full-Field Model E100-BO E300-EOS FFM B A Platform A Process A ~ 30 Wells Platform B Process B ~ 15 Wells Different Surface Processes (BO PVT) in Regions A & B Gas Injection

  36. Objective • Run black-oil full-field reservoir model. • Convert surface rates to compositional streams. • Connection level conversions. • Summarize results. • By well, platform, field. • Annually, quarterly, cummulatives etc.

More Related