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Philosophy

Philosophy. Logic Lesson 1. LOGIC. Is there anything more important than thinking about thinking? Thinking has been a focal point/cornerstone for philosophical thought. Thinking about Thinking. Thinking is central to philosophy Thinking is a process

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Philosophy

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  1. Philosophy Logic Lesson 1

  2. LOGIC • Is there anything more important than thinking about thinking? • Thinking has been a focal point/cornerstone for philosophical thought

  3. Thinking about Thinking • Thinking is central to philosophy • Thinking is a process • Thinking is a skill that can be developed • Emotions can influence thinking (fear, love, etc…) • Other influences can affect thinking – stereotype, sexism, racism, etc…

  4. Socrates • “The unexamined life is not worth living” • Aristotle • Defined logic and deductive thinking • Descartes • Put thinking on a metaphysical pedestal with “I think therefore I am”

  5. Reasoning: The act of coming to a conclusion based on facts • Proof: Anything that can be used to show that something is true or correct • Thinking: The act of using the mind to reason • Inference: A conclusion or opinion arrived at logically from a sequence of events

  6. Logic Defined • Opinions: Judgments or beliefs formed without certain evidence • Not all have equal weight (judges, lawyers, doctors) • Grounds: Support for opinions • Argument: A series of related statements leading to a conclusion

  7. Factual/Value Judgments • Factual statement: • Either true or false and can be determined by empirical means • Value judgments: • Normative statements about what should or should not be done. • Not “true” or “false”; “right” or “wrong”

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