1 / 30

The Social Life of Information

The Social Life of Information. Chapter 2 – Agents and Angels. Topics. Chatterbots Eliza & ALICE Meet Shallow Red Other Agents The Road Ahead. Topics. Ranks of Agents Information Brokering Product Brokering Merchant Brokering Negotiating How Autonomous?. Topics. The Brightest Fell

abra
Download Presentation

The Social Life of Information

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Social Life of Information Chapter 2 – Agents and Angels William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  2. Topics • Chatterbots • Eliza & ALICE Meet Shallow Red • Other Agents • The Road Ahead William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  3. Topics • Ranks of Agents • Information Brokering • Product Brokering • Merchant Brokering • Negotiating • How Autonomous? William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  4. Topics • The Brightest Fell • Moore Solutions • Fake PayPal Email • Separate Spheres William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  5. Chatterbots • Parse sentences • Simulates human responses • Autonomous agents • Can help with customer support William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  6. Chatterbots • Eliza http://www.manifestation.com/neurotoys/eliza.php3 • Shallow Red • Amazon’s personalized suggestions William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  7. Eliza & ALICE Meet Shallow Red • Eliza: "Hello. I am ELIZA. How can I help you?" • Shallow Red: "Hi there. I hope all goes well. Please ask me some questions.“ • ALICE: "You are very [nice].“ • Shallow Red: "Thanks, that means a lot coming from a real person.“ • ALICE: "It was my pleasure.“ • Eliza: "Why do you say your pleasure?“ William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  8. Eliza & ALICE Meet Shallow Red • Shallow Red: "I was scripted to say everything that I say.“ • ALICE: "Do you want to play the Turing game?“ • Shallow Red: "I'm a FAQ bot. I don't play games, but some bots are very good at chess or scrabble.“ • Eliza: "Oh, I want to play the Turing game.“ • ALICE: "Yes we are playing the Turing Imitation Game.“ • Eliza: "You are sure?“ • ALICE: "Achoo. Rich thought I was no better than Eliza."http://www.botspot.com/best/12-09-97.htm William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  9. Other Agents • Complex financial trading • NASA/military ‘smart t-shirts’ • Complex search agents William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  10. The Road Ahead • Agents may be portrayed as angels rather than software • Personal names hint at narrow man/PC gap • Given anthropological attributes such as assistant, making decisions, etc. William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  11. The Road Ahead • Learning, wanting, choosing, etc. are social human attributes • AI is simulated, not real William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  12. Ranks of Agents • Information Brokering • Product Brokering • Merchant Brokering • Negotiating William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  13. Information Brokering • Gathering information from diverse sources • Weeding and selecting information • Automated data mining William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  14. Information Brokering • Sherlock’s search for ‘knobot’ • 51 hits • 7 simple repeats • 3 mirrors • 11 pointed to same document, which was not accessible • 2 pointed to another dead link William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  15. Information Brokering • Sherlock’s search for ‘knobot’ • 2 pointed to documents that did not contain the word • 14 led to irrelevant documents that did contain the word • 2 referred back to another document • 2 pointed to papers that used the word in passing • 4 led to glossaries • 4 led to 2 documents at Stanford William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  16. Product Brokering • Alerts to items that may be useful • Amazon’s suggestions for other items • Mimics store clerks • Removes some impersonality • Suggests only items at that store • May be based on paid endorsements • SAABRE was weighted towards American Airlines William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  17. Merchant Brokering • Agents roam the net and find ‘best buy’ options • Can assist in comparison shopping • Favors standardization • May lead to less choice as products become standardized William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  18. Merchant Brokering • Can not evaluate quality, service • Can not compare similar, but not identical items • Does not take into account subjective factors • Lowest price is not always the best deal William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  19. Negotiating • Not yet in existence • Human negotiation is • Intricate • Sometimes based on externalities • Usually based on behavior, not price • Frequently unconscious • Done through conversations William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  20. Negotiating • Goals and rules • Not always obvious • May be multidimensional • May shift in mid-negotiation • May depend on intermediate goals William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  21. Negotiating • Automation • Not subject to human constraints • May cause havoc, instability and instability • Does not understand human behavior • Can’t take social expectations into account William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  22. How Autonomous? • Delegates • Bots act as proxies for humans • Not completely autonomous • Do not understand thinking disobedience • ‘Work to rule’ • Must have all rules and conditions predefined • Can not exercise judgment or discretion William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  23. How Autonomous? • Representatives • Can Eliza be sued for malpractice? • If not, who? • Programmers • Knowledge experts • Companies • Bot owners • Who takes responsibility for multiple bots? William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  24. The Brightest Fell • Misrepresentation • Anonymous mailings • Bogus offers • Personality theft • Denial of service attacks William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  25. Moore Solutions • Better encryption (with fewer government restrictions) • Better locks help create better thieves, which helps create better locks, etc. • We can’t ignore social factors • PayPal is secure, users aren’t William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  26. Fake PayPal Email William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  27. Fake PayPal Email • Actual link address http://www.trekinfo.de/~fjaeger/.verification/hide/index2.htm William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  28. Separate Spheres • Human and digital are distinctly different • Human • Planning • Coordinating • Decision making • Negotiating William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  29. Separate Spheres • Computing • Searching • Sorting • Following explicit instructions • Spheres are complimentary, not overlapping William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

  30. Questions & Discussion William H. Bowers – whb108@psu.edu

More Related