Blood

1. Blood Red & White blood cells and Platelets Functions of blood Blood Clotting Functions of blood plasma Tissue fluid and lymph Lymph nodes Atherosclerosis & Coronary thrombosis WB

2. Blood WB

3. Red Blood Cells WB

4. White Blood Cells These play a role in immunity WB

5. Phagocytosis by WBC Monocyte Lymphocyte WB

6. Platelets • These are small cell fragments that assist in blood clotting. Normal Platelets in Flowing blood WB

7. Functions of Blood • Transports Oxygen • Transports Carbon Dioxide • Transport of other solutes eg. Food Substances, Urea, Hormones • Distribution of Heat • Defence against disease • Blood Clotting WB

8. Blood Clotting WB

9. Another look at a blood clot WB

10. Blood plasma • Contains : • Water • Nutrients • Proteins (albumin and globulin) • Gases • Hormones • Waste • Plasma is a watery liquid • Transports substance from where they are made or enter the body to their destination. WB

11. Tissue Fluid and Lymph • The lymphatic system is a system of thin tubes that runs throughout the body. • The lymphatic system carries a colourless liquid called 'lymph‘ ,that circulates around the body tissues. • It contains a high number of lymphocytes (WBC) and plasma that leaks out of the capillaries (Tissue fluid). • This then drains into the lymph vessels. WB

12. Lymph nodes WB

13. There are lymph nodes • Under your arms, in your armpits                 • In each groin (at the top of your legs)                 • In your neck There are also lymph nodes that you cannot feel • Your abdomen                           • Your pelvis           • Your chest  Other organs that are part of the lymphatic system • The lymphatic system includes other body organs.  These are theSpleen         • Thymus         • Tonsils         • Adenoids WB

14. Location of some lymph organs WB

15. WB

16. Function of Lymphatic System • Helps to maintain fluid balance • Defend the body against disease • Absorb liquids from the intestine and transport them to the blood. • Collects and returns fluid that leaks from blood vessels. • It absorbs fats and vitamins. • Lastly, it defends against invading microorganisms and disease. WB

17. Atherosclerosis • Atherosclerosis is the name given to the build up of cholesterol and fat (fatty deposits or plaques) in the artery walls. • The arteries become narrow and hardened, their elasticity disappears and it becomes difficult for blood to flow through. • The fatty plaques can also rupture, causing blood to clot around the rupture. • If blood can't then flow past the clot to the necessary part of the body, the tissue dies. • Plaque ruptures are a common cause of heart attacks. • Most people in the developed world have atherosclerosis in some parts of their body, without ever noticing it. • Atherosclerosis develops gradually over time and can start around the age of 20. WB

18. Atherosclerosis WB

19. Coronary Thrombosis • The heart is surrounded by three major coronary arteries that supply it with blood and oxygen. • If a blood clot develops in one of these arteries, the blood supply to that area of the heart muscle will stop. This is known as a heart attack, or in medical terms a coronary thrombosis or myocardial infarction. • A heart attack will cause severe chest pains behind the breast bone, often radiating towards the left arm. • If the blockage (thrombosis) is not dissolved quickly with medication, the area of heart muscle that isn't getting enough oxygen will stop working properly. • The person may die WB

20. Coronary Thrombosis WB

21. Summary • Blood consists of different parts • RBC, WBC and Platelets have different roles • Lymph and Tissue fluid has an important role • Atherosclerosis is the damaging of arteries which and lead to coronary thrombosis or heart attack WB