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Acids & Bases. Navjot Kaur Nathan Coffing Sapphira Darmawan Connor McDevitt. Definitions. Acid- A substance that dissolves in water, producing H + ( aq ) ions. Base- A substance that neutralizes an acid, producing a salt and water as the only product.
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Acids & Bases NavjotKaur Nathan Coffing SapphiraDarmawan Connor McDevitt
Definitions • Acid- A substance that dissolves in water, producing H+ (aq) ions. • Base- A substance that neutralizes an acid, producing a salt and water as the only product. • Salts- Ionic compounds made by the neutralization of an acid with a base.
Acids • Form hydronium ions in water. • Hydronium ions: H3O+1(H+ combined with H2O) • Examples are hydrochloric acid (HCl) acetic acid (vinegar) and lemon juice.
Properties of Acids • pH<7 • Tastes sour • Reacts with metals and gives off H2(g) • Turns blue litmus paper red • Turns phenolphthalein colorless • Universal indicator is yellow. • Conducts electricity
Bases • Forms hydroxide ions in water • Hydroxide is OH-1(water missing an H+) • Examples include baking soda, ammonia, bleach, and lye.
Properties of Bases • pH>7 • Tastes bitter and feels slippery • Doesn’t react with metals • Conducts electricity • Turns red litmus paper blue. • Turns phenolphthalein pink. • Universal indicator is blue.
Measuring acidity • Whether a solution is an acid or a base is determined by its pH. • The pH scale runs from 0 to 14. • Pure water has a pH7.0, which we call neutral. • Acids have a pH<7.0 • Bases have a pH>7.0
Salts • Salts are substances formed by a reaction of an acid and a base. • NaOH + HCl H2O + NaCl • Can also be formed by reacting metals with acids. • H2SO4+ Zn ZnSO4 + H2 • When salts are dissolved in water, the solution conducts electricity.
