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The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council. Was it… The best thing that ever happened to the Church? Or The worst thing that ever happened to the Church?. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council. The critics (“defenders”) say that Vatican II:

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The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

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  1. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

  2. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Was it… The best thing that ever happened to the Church? Or The worst thing that ever happened to the Church?

  3. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council The critics (“defenders”) say that Vatican II: Was led, not by the Holy Spirit, but by Satan The Liturgy became corrupt and profane The music was an abomination Eucharistic prayers are unscriptural and wrong Attendance at Mass declined Numbers of priests and religious declined Pastoral Authority was undermined and eroded Teachings are ambiguous Morals have eroded Missionary activity is confused and unorganized Dissent is rampant Sex scandals a result of lax confused teachings

  4. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council There should not be women at the altar There should be no altar girls The vernacular Lexionary is suspect Respect and reverence for the Most Holy Eucharist is lost when taken standing and in the hand

  5. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacred Liturgy is not as the Apostles intended; Religious Freedom is a contradiction; All dogmas, morality, and practices are ridiculous and contradictory --Marcel Lefebvre “…The sheep suffer for what the shepherds do wrong and as a result we have been wandering in a spiritual desert of liberal theology for the past 40 years.” --Robert Sungenis

  6. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Supporters (“progressives”) say that V.II: Reenergized the Church and made it more relevant Empowered women and laity in service to the Church Liturgical ministers Parish councils and other advisory groups Parish administrators Diaconate Emphasized marriage as a vocation of relationship Annulment process was made better Attention to society and the poor increased vastly

  7. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council “Without Vatican II I couldn’t have remained faithful to the Church or its teachings.” “The Liturgy has been opened up to us and now we can participate more fully and pray more efficaciously.” “I could never have converted to Catholicism before Vatican II.” “I understand the Mass now.” “Faith is no longer a formula or rote memorization but an internalization of intellectual, emotional, spiritual understanding”

  8. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council There have been 21 Ecumenical Councils (Ecumenical = world wide) The last three councils were Council of Trent (1545 – 1563) #19 First Vatican Council (1869 – 1870) #20 Second Vatican Council (1962 – 1965) #21

  9. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Background History 19th Ecumenical Council: Council of Trent 1545 – 1563 (18 years!) Pope Pius V (1556 – 1572) Tridentine Missal (Tridentine = “of Trent”) Tridentine Catechism (In US “Baltimore”) Sacred music was canonized The Church begins isolationism Response to Luther and other reformers (1517 forward) Henry VIII (1534) Failed inquisitions Final East/West Schism (1484) Persecutions of Roman Catholics

  10. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Pope Pius V – portrait by El Greco

  11. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council More Background History 20th Council was Vatican I Summoned by Pius IX (1846 – 1878) 1869 – 1870 Interrupted by Franco-Prussian war First act of V.II was to adjourn V.I Reaffirmation of the Word of God (Bible) Reaffirmation of the primacy and infallibility of the Pope Pius IX – Immaculate Conception (1854) Pius XII – Assumption of Mary (1950) © Ron Kienzle 2008

  12. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council © Ron Kienzle 2008

  13. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Why was the 21st Council necessary? Dozens of technological advances changed the very way we think Improved communication highlighted global problems (have vs. have-not nations) Atheism became popular Cold war, Communism, Humanism Continuing Protestant “reformation” Church became rigid and authoritarian Beatnik revolution Women’s issues began to surface

  14. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

  15. Just in America! • Beatniks • Timothy Leary • Playboy Magazine • Explosive growth of Evangelicals • Sputnik and the rise of science The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

  16. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Why was V.II NOT necessary? Attendance at Mass was high Abundance of priests and religious Schools flourished Catholic education thought to be best in nation Liturgy was beautiful and holy The members understood the hierarchy and were faithful to it © Ron Kienzle 2008

  17. Pope John XXIII (1958 – 1963) announces the Council in 1959 • Oversaw the opening session the fall of 1962 • Died June 1963 The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

  18. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Pope Paul VI (1963-1978) continued the council Sessions began in September of each year 1963 thru 1965 ending in late November or early December each year

  19. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Attendance by “Council Fathers” varied from 2500+ to about 2100 Mostly bishops and heads of male religious orders Many other groups were represented: There were over 17 Orthodox representatives A large number of Protestants 23 Catholic women “auditors” – 3 from US All these groups contributed to discussions

  20. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council What were the results? 16 Documents No changes to dogma

  21. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Four Constitutions: Lumen Gentium (Light of Nations) – Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Dei Verbum (Word of God) – Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Sacrosanctum Concilium (Sacred Council) – Dogmatic Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Gaudium et Spes (Joys and Hopes) – Dogmatic Constitution on the Church in the Modern World

  22. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Three Declarations: Gravissimum Educationis (Paramount Importance of Education)– Declaration on Christian Education Nostra Aetate (In Our Day) – Declaration on our Relationship to Non-Christian Religions Dignitatis Humanae (The Dignity of the Human Person) – Right of the Person and Communities to Social and Civil Freedom in Matters Religious

  23. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council 9 Decrees Ad Gentes Divinitus (Sent by God to the Nations)– Mission Activity of the Church Presbyterorum Ordinus (The Order of Priests) – Ministry and Life of Priests Apostolicam Acuositatem (To Intensify the Apostalate) – Apostolate of the Laity Optatam Totius (Desired of the Whole Church) – Training of Priests Perfectae Caritatis (Perfect Charity) – Up-to-Date Renewal of Religious Life

  24. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council 9 Decrees (continued) Christus Dominus (Christ the Lord) – Decree on the Pastoral Office of Bishops in the Church Unitas Redintegratio (The Restoration of Unity) – Decree on Ecumenism Orientalium Ecclesiarum (Churches of the Orient) – Decree on the Catholic Eastern Churches Inter Mirifica (Among the Wonderful) – Decree on the Mass Media

  25. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Lumen Gentium Dei Verbum Sacrosanctum Concilium Gaudium et Spes Apostolicam Acuositatem

  26. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Lumen Gentium The hub document The Mystery of the Church Membership includes Christ’s followers and those who have died in union with Christ – Mary, the Saints in Heaven and the souls in Purgatory It is a union of the divine and the human The people of God are the foundation Hierarchy exists as the trained ordained ministers of God who stand for the apostles Pope is still the head of the Church (Peter)

  27. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Lumen Gentium (continued) Emphasis on the marks of the Church: One Holy Catholic Apostolic If one knows that “The Catholic Church was made necessary by God through Jesus Christ [and] would refuse to enter her or to remain in her [he/she] could not be saved.” The council builds on tradition and does not conflict with it

  28. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Lumen Gentium (continued) Preservation of the divine deposit of faith is of prime importance Provisions are made for the Diaconate Mary is given special honor The Blessed Virgin is a model of faithful discipleship – she is a member of the Church, Mother of the Church and mediatrix (warning: don’t get extreme)

  29. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Lumen Gentium (continued) NOTHING in this or any of the documents teaches: Optional Mass attendance & reception of the sacraments Abortion, divorce, gay marriage, married clergy Not reading scripture and seek holiness Non-submission to the pope Subjective religious truth That all religions are equally valid

  30. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Dei Verbum God invites us into a personal relationship with Him Through Sacred Scripture we come to know God with “ease, with solid certitude, and with no trace of error.” The Bible is “the Word of God in human words”

  31. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Dei Verbum (continued) “The Church, in her teaching life, and worship, perpetuates and hands on to all generations all that she herself is, all that she believes” (Sacred Tradition) Sacred Tradition grows and becomes richer as our leaders, guided by the Holy Spirit, lead to a deeper and fuller understanding of the truth. Nothing in Sacred Tradition can contradict Sacred Scripture

  32. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Dei Verbum (continued) Christians should read the Bible and are urged to use modern methods of interpretation

  33. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Gaudium et Spes Man is inherently good and dignified – we are created by God Christ died to save each and every individual human being We are given free will but sin reduces our options Christians should not judge persons but their actions

  34. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Gaudium et Spes (continued) Rights of each person Everything necessary for leading a life truly human; e.g., food, clothing, shelter To choose a state of life and to found a family An education, employment, good reputation Respect Appropriate information Protection of privacy Freedom in matters of religion Special rights of women

  35. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Gaudium et Spes (continued) Denunciations Any opposition to life (abortion, euthanasia, murder) All forms of slavery Prostitution Pornography

  36. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Apostolicam Actuositatem Apostolate = to carry on the mission of Christ First ecumenical document on the laity Vatican II often called “the council of the laity” The laity are members of God’s “Royal Priesthood” and thus offer “priestly sacrifices” in their daily lives, witness, and words Lay people are in the world not just Church Unique social justice in service to the poor, etc.

  37. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Apostolicam Actuositatem (continued) Vatican II attempts to renew zeal and love We should be nourished in the Liturgy Gifts of the Holy Spirit are to be manifested for the common good Bishops must develop lay ministries and services and systems to train lay ministers (caution: ordained clergy are still the authorities)

  38. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacrosanctum Concilium The summit of all Church activity is the Liturgy Only in worship do all our good works make sense All our sacrifices [for family, for others, for God] are offered to God the Father with the Lord’s body We get access to the fountain of grace that flows from the font of the Cross of Jesus Christ The Church exists primarily to worship God

  39. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacrosanctum Concilium (continued) BUT, it is possible to participate in the Liturgy without living out its grace and teaching in everyday life We must come to the Mass with the proper disposition We must follow through with prayer We must fully and consciously participate in the Liturgy

  40. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacrosanctum Concilium (continued) Streamline by “Noble Simplicity” Avoid needless repetition Respect people’s power of comprehension Emphasize Holy Scripture and promote love for the word of God Conduct the Liturgy in the language of the people Restore the Catechumenate (RCIA) Open up the Church for all peoples everywhere End the isolationism of the past 400 years

  41. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacrosanctum Concilium (continued) Increase involvement by the laity Introduce prayers to increase participation such as “Prayer of the Faithful” Replace Extreme Unction with Anointing of the Sick Renew directions for Sacred Music, art, and furnishings

  42. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Sacrosanctum Concilium (continued) Emphasize the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist (Sometimes we forget how special we are)

  43. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council

  44. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council For your consideration: Were bishops and priests too zealous in their adoption of Vatican II changes? Was the “plan” adequate? Did the laity take extreme liberties? Was there sufficient apologia about the changes? Did some expect more out of Vatican II?

  45. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Was it… The best thing that ever happened to the Church? Or The worst thing that ever happened to the Church?

  46. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Two Books every Catholic family should own

  47. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council Bibliography Flannery, Austin, O.P., The Basic Sixteen Documents of Vatican Council II (Newport, NY, Costello Publishing Company, Inc., 1996) Shreck, Alan, Vatican II: The Crisis and the Promise (Cincinnati, Servant Books, 2005) McEnroy, Carmel, Guests in Their Own House (NY, Crossroad Publishing Co., 1996) Davies, Michael, Liturgical Time Bombs in Vatican II (Rockford, IL, Tan Books & Publishers, Inc., 2003) McBride, Alfred, A short History of the Mass (Cincinnati, St. Anthony Messenger Press, 2006) Vatican II Productions, The Faithful Revolution: Vatican II (Lyrick Studios, distributor, 1997) 5 volume video series Koch, Carl, A Popular History of the Catholic Church (Winona, MN, Saint Mary’s Press, 1997) Chaput, Charles J., Render Unto Caesar (NY, Doubleday, 2008)

  48. The Second Vatican Ecumenical Council www.st-jerome-cinci.org/VaticanII

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