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Life History Traits and Genome Structure

Life History Traits and Genome Structure . Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria. J.R. Lobry Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I CNRS UMR 5558 & INRIA Helix FRANCE. Aerobic versus Anaerobic. You need the presence of O 2 to live, you are aerobic (obligate)

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Life History Traits and Genome Structure

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  1. Life History Traits and Genome Structure Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria J.R. Lobry Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I CNRS UMR 5558 & INRIA Helix FRANCE

  2. Aerobic versus Anaerobic • You need the presence of O2 to live, you are aerobic (obligate) • You need the absence of O2 to live, you are anaerobic (obligate) • [...snip...]

  3. Anaerobic and Aerobic Species Only Anaerobic Species

  4. Aerobic >> Anaerobic • In aerobic conditions (with O2) the oxydation of one molecule of glucose (respiration) yields 38 ATP (metabolic currency unit). Short generation times. • In anaerobic conditions (without O2) the fermentation of one molecule of glucose yields 2 ATP (metabolic currency unit). Long generation times. The generation time is a life history trait

  5. Life History Traits and Genome Structure Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria J.R. Lobry Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I CNRS UMR 5558 & INRIA Helix FRANCE

  6. Bacteria in the Universal Tree of Life Oryza Saccharomyces EUCARYA Drosophila Prorocentrum Tetrahymena ARCHAEA Crithidia Homo Physarum Halococcus Halobacterium Methanococcus ? Methanobacterium Desulfurococcus Thermoproteus EUBACTERIA Thermus Streptomyces « BACTERIA » Anacystis Escherichia Bacillus Pseudomonas

  7. Bacteria and Eucarya Only Bacteria

  8. Bacterial Genomes:Circular dsDNA Here G+C = 50% The G+C content is a genome structure

  9. Life History Traits and Genome Structure Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria J.R. Lobry Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I CNRS UMR 5558 & INRIA Helix FRANCE

  10. Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria Anaerobic Aerobic Naya et al. (2002) J. Mol. Evol.,55:260

  11. Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria Anaerobic Aerobic Why? Naya et al. (2002) J. Mol. Evol.,55:260

  12. Metabolic cost of amino-acids in Aerobiosis 38.3 ATP 11.7 ATP 52.0 ATP 11.7 ATP 27.3 ATP 14.7 ATP 15.3 ATP 27.3 ATP Akashi & Gojobori (2002) PNAS,99:3695

  13. From amino-acid cost to Protein cost Protein cost in ATP Protein concentration in cells Akashi & Gojobori (2002) PNAS,99:3695

  14. So what?

  15. The growth of genomic data But available fossil DNA is < 0.00013 109 years...

  16. All data are here

  17. Dataset • ~300 bacterial species • ~1,000,000 proteins • ~100,000,000 amino-acids

  18. Akashi (2002) Naya (2002)

  19. Interpretation Aerobic bacteria have a higher genomic G+C content than anerobic bacteria because this induces an average protein composition which is less expensive in aerobic conditions

  20. Life History Traits and Genome Structure Aerobiosis and G+C Content in Bacteria J.R. Lobry Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I CNRS UMR 5558 & INRIA Helix FRANCE

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