Slide 1:TOURISM SURVEY DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS Tourism Statistics and Information Management Workshop(October,2005 Jolly Beach Antigua) Presented by: Winfield Griffith, Caribbean Tourism Organization 

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AIM To perform a practical exercise in tourism data processing and analysis Developing a source document Preparing document for processing Data Entry routines and practices Creating the Data file - Data capture/Input Producing Summary tables with SPSS Analysing and Presenting Output

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DEVELOPING THE SOURCE DOCUMENT Practices To observe - Keep it simple – To answer - To process - do not over load - Avoid clutter - Avoid respondents’ fatigue - Keep it attractive

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ADMINISTERING THE SOURCE DOCUMENT Use Background info about population - To determine approach to data collection Sampling method Interviewing methods

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PREPARING THE DOCUMENT FOR PROCESSING Paper based surveys Manual coding and editing inevitable Determine appropriate and necessary codes Avoid unwieldy codes Avoid over coding Data Entry by key punching or optical reading method

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WHAT IS SPSS A Versatile statistical software package Used by survey specialists and researchers worldwide comes in specialised modules Base Tables Advanced Statistics Several others

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USING SPSS FOR WINDOWS Utilizes windows platform FILE, EDIT and VIEW branches are standard DATA, TRANSFORM and STATISTICS branches allow data and statistical operations GRAPHS allow easy graphical presentation Utilities allow other miscellaneous operations

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ACCEPTED DATA ENTRY (DE) ROUTINES Entering data in an SPSS data entry routine Large batch or continuous survey DE (setting up a system) Small one-off survey activity (Ad hoc processing) Alternatively, Excel Spreadsheet, Access data file, FoxPro, or other data files OPEN into SPSS for Windows in spreadsheet format SAVE SPSS Data file with extension .sav Next step to ensure proper labeling of items/variables in data file

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DEMONSTRATION USING VISITOR SURVEY DATA Typically questionnaire covers 1. Country of residence USA 1 Canada 2 U.K. 3 Other Europe 4 C’bean 5 Other 6 2. Purpose of Visit Vacation 1 Vacation/Business 2 Business 3 VFR 4 Meeting 5 Other 6

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DEMONSTRATION USING VISITOR SURVEY DATA (Cont’d) Typically questionnaire covers 1. Type of accommodation Hotel 1 Apt/Villa 2 G House 3 Friend/Relative 4 Other 5 4. Nights spent (Number) 5. Activities undertaken Diving 1,2 Golf 1,2 Sightseeing 1,2 Swimming 1,2 Other 1,2

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TIDYING UP THE DATA FILE IN SPSS Using DATA and TRANSFORM Examine each variable and insert lables Variable and Value lables to appear in final output – tabulations Group any relevant information

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CLEANING UP THE DATA FILE IN SPSS Using STATISTICS run Frequencies on variables to check for missing values identify omissions Check valid records in data base Compare with other published statistics (e.g. E/D card info) Recognise any obvious bias in sample (Like disproportionate number of Americans – case in point)

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RUNNING SUMMARY TABLES IN SPSS A tabulation Plan A predetermined plan for summary output Itemizes required tables Identifies required statistics and charts Using STATISTICS Run required outputs Saving Command Routines as a .sps syntax file and tables and graphs as an SPSS ,spo text file -

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FREQUENTLY USED SPSS TABLES Using STATISTICS SUMMARIZE Frequencies Crosstabs CUSTOM TABLES Basic Tables Tables of Frequencies, among others

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Why Save .Sps Syntax files Allows future re-runs on same file Ease of adaptation for fresh run on new files of similar structure e.g same survey for different periods Same survey in different countries

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Why Save .Spo Syntax files Allows exportation to MSWord, Word Perfect, Excel and other software Allows viewing and further tidying of tables or text response questions. Permits storing and future viewing of graphs

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EVALUATING AND ANALYSING THE OUTPUT Clearly evaluate each summary table Look for unusual or irregular findings Investigate – may involve checking local officials Special treatment of previously unrecognised outliers Identify and explain tendencies and trends Identify seasonal influences

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REPORT PREPARATION Report using you usual word processing software

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CONCLUSION For data analysis Many more facets of this and other software Continued use develops greater facility Can accommodate the growing need for low cost in-house survey activities

Slide 20:Thank You!