Reading Project Where the Lilies Bloom

1. Reading ProjectWhere the Lilies Bloom Second Period Mrs. Kathy Boren Grade 8

2. Wild Indigo • Historically, the black root of wild indigo was used to make blue dye as well as to treat several types of infections, including those affecting the mouth and gums, lymph nodes, throat, and ulcers.1 In the past, wild indigo was used to treat more severe infections, such as typhus.

3. Mayapple • The rhizomes have a long history as a medicine among Native North American tribes. They used to gather the rhizomes in the autumn, dry them and grind them to a powder. They would eat or drink a brew of the powder as a laxative or to get rid of intestinal worms. The powder was also used as a poultice to treat warts and tumorous growths on the skin

4. Maypop • The herb passion flower is one of nature's best tranquilizers. Passion Flower relieves muscle tension and other manifestations of extreme anxiety. The herb is especially good for nervous insomnia - the kind that keeps you lying in bed worrying until the late hours

5. Sweet Elder • Prolific cream flowers with delightful sweet aroma and sweet muscatel grape flavour. Add to salads, punches, fruit compote, muffin mix, corn fritters, cordials, jellies, champagne.

6. Catnip • : Catnip tea, made preferably from the fresh cut herb, makes an excellent cure for insomnia and hyperactivity. Add honey for flavor. Also is very good for reducing fevers, the miseries of hayfever, and nausea. A small, honey sweetened cup of warm tea is good for calming hyperactive kids. Rural residents of the Ozark have used mashed fresh catnip leaves as a crude poultice to relieve the pain of aching teeth and gums almost instantly. • A strong, cooled catnip tea can be effectively used as a eyewash to relieve inflammation and swelling due to certain airborne allergies, flu and cold and excess alcoholic consumption.

7. Sassafras Leaves • It is common knowledge to most of us that sassafras was used as a spring tonic and blood thinner • The roots, bark, and leaves of the sassafras have a spicy scent and the oils extracted from them have been used in soap making and in flavoring drinks, such as sassafras tea.

8. Sumac • In the Cashew Family • Cultivated for its green flowers and brilliantly colored leaves. • The result of contact with one of these plants is a red, bumpy skin rash, usually on areas of the body where the skin is thinnest, like the arms, shins and face • There may be swelling near the rash • side effects: • insomnia, • nervousness or irritability, • stomach upset, or • weight gain. • Poison sumac is found in some of the wooded swamps of southern Ontario and southern Quebec • It is a tall shrub or small tree with 6-12 leaflets arranged in pairs, and an additional single leaflet at the end of the midrib

9. Blue Cohosh Roots • An excellent uterine tonic that may be used in any situation where there is a weakness or loss of tone • Blue Cohosh just before birth will help ensure an easy delivery • It has a reputation for easing rheumatic pain. recommends it for the following situations: chronic uterined isorders, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, scarlet fever, to prolong gestation, to increase strength of contractions in labor, as a partus preparator, to prevent premature delivery, hysteria, ovarian irritation, bronchitis, pneumonitis & whooping cough. • Preparations & Dosage : Decoction: put l teaspoonful of the dried root in a cup of water, bring to the boil and simmer for l0 minutes. This should be drunk three times a day. Tincture: take 0.5-2ml of the tincture three times a day.

10. Black Haw • It is a powerful relaxant of the uterus and is used for dysmenorrhoea, false labour pains as well as in threatened miscarriage • . It may be used as an anti-spasmodicin the treatment of asthma. • Specific Indications and Uses - Uterine irritability and hyperasthesia; threatened abortion; uterine colic; dysmenorrhoea with deficient menses; severe lumbar and bearing-down pains; cramp-like, expulsive menstrual pain; intermittent, painful contractions of the pelvic tissues; after-pains and false pains of pregnancy; obstinate hiccough." • Its principal use at the present day is in disorders of the female organs of reproduction • Preparations & Dosage : Decoction: put 2 teaspoonfuls of the dried bark in a cup of water, bring to the boil and simmer for l0 minutes. This should be drunk three times a day.

11. Fringe tree Bark • This valuable herb may be safely used in all liver problems, especially when they have developed into jaundice • It is a specific for the treatment of gall-bladder inflammation and a valuable part of treating gall-stones • specific indications : Duodenal catarrh, hepatic torpor, catarrhal jaundice, gallstones. Alimentary glycosuria. Pancreatic disease & glandular disorders. Chronic disease of liver/spleen. • considered it specific for "the liver. It is a remedy for hepatic engorgement; jaundice more or less pronounced; pain over the region of the gall-bladder; pain in the epigastrium; pain radiating from the navel over the abdomen; soreness in the region of the liver, extending to the umbilicus; enlargement of the of the liver, determined by percussion; nausea; occasional vomiting; constipation with dry faeces, temperature slightly above normal; skin usually yellow." • Preparations & Dosage : Infusion: pour a cup of boiling water onto l-2 teaspoonfuls of the bark and leave to infuse for l0-l5 minutes. This should be drunk three times a day. Tincture: take l-2 ml of the tincture three times a day.

12. Plants Herbs and

13. Boneset Herbs • Family: Asteracea Herbaceous perennial. Native to southern and Eastern United States. Large and showy, bearing masses of long-lived white flowers. Dried leaf and flowering tops may be made into a tea or tincture to treat colds and flu, especially when there is an alternating chill and fever. When Echinacea fails, the second line of defense is Boneset.

14. This perrinial plant gives you red or purple flowers shaped like a ball and can grow up to 18 in. Red clover is rich in phytoestrogens so it will help to bring the body’s hormone into better balance. Red clover acts as an antibiotic and is very good for bacterial infections, kidney problems, and liver disease. Red clover may help prevent cancer, HIV, and Aids. Red Clover Flowers

15. Hydrangea • Hydrongea is the common name for some deciduous and evergreen shrubs. Hydrangeas are native to Asia and the Americas. The wild Hydrangea of the Eastern U. S. is a shrub, growing up to 10 feet high, that bears white flowers in round cluster. The showier Hydrangeas are cultivated Asian species that produce white, blue or pink flowers in round or flat clusters.

16. Hellebore • The Hellebore is known to be very exotic on all its parts and it decreases the heart rate along with decreasing the blood pressure and depresses the central nervous system. Commonly known as a part of the buttercup family. Native to Eurasia. Green Hellebore produces yellow flowers in late winter and early spring, also known as the Christmas flower.

17. Lobelia • Native to the central, southern and eastern United States. Diminutive plant with white flowers spotted with light blue which give way to the characteristic “inflated” seedpods. Lobelia is an almost indispensable anti-spasmodic and expectorant when combined with other, more soothing herbs (like Mullein) in cough preparations. A vinegar extraction of the seed is commonly used, and can cause the impressive expulsion of thick, ropy mucous from sinuses and bronchii.

18. H e m l o c k *The juice of hemlock was frequently administered to criminals. *Hemlock is a tall, much branched and gracefully growing plant, with elegantly-cut foliage and white flowers. *The entire plant has a bitter taste and possesses a disagreeable mousy odour *this was the fatal poison which Socrates was condemned to drink

19. Balsam *Different locations of Balsam produce different effects. *Some of these uses are skin disease, cough vapor,urinary tract diseases heart stimulant and an aromatic. *White Balsam leaves can be used as a sedative.

20. White Pine • *Expectorant,demulcent,diaretic,useful remedy for coughs/colds,beneficial effect on bladder and kidneys

21. Wintergreen • *Habitat:Northern US from Georgia to Newfoundland • *Part used: leaves • *Medical Uses: Tonic. Stimulant, astringent, aromatic.

22. Have sharp scales, they need to be avoided • Color- reddish to olive brown • Older trees become black and fissured “cornflake” bark • Grows in non-extreme soil types • Grows in many different areas • Good wood is used for furniture and paneling, bitter cherries are used in jelly and alcoholic beverages, the bark is used to make cough syrup and sometimes used a sedative Cherry Tree Bark of Wild

23. Lady Slipper Root The Lady Slipper is in bloom from April until June. It is found from Nova Scotia to the Southland's They boiled the extract of the root to calm nerve disorders. During the 19th century, American doctors prescribed the root for hysteria, delirium, headaches, epilepsy, neuralgia, muscle spasms and nervousness. of Alabama and westward to Missouri and Minnesota. It is part of the orchid family. The American Indians used it as medicine.

24. Yellow Dock • The root is used for medicine for poor digestion and skin condidtions. • It is found all throughout America. • It has a long history of uses and as an alteratvie. Alterive herbs have non-specific effects on the gastrointestinal tract and the liver. As a result it helps to treat skin conditions cause by poor liver function. • The side effects are mild diarrhea or loose stools in some people.

25. Roots of Marshmallow Before Marshmallows were used as candy it was used as a medicine to soothe sore throats and coughs. The leaves and the light pink flowers of the marshmallows contained a gooey substance called mucilage. The mucilage soothes sore throats and helps stop coughing. Doctors in the 19th century made candy medicine out of the marshmallow plants to soothes peoples sore throts.

26. Skunk Cabbage Habitat: Swamps, bogs, seepage areas, and very moist depressions in woods. The first flower to bloom in late winter, as early as late January. Skunk cabbage produces heat which melts the surrounding snow or ice in order to produce a flower. (The skunk cabbage produces heat by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from the electron transport system. Thus, the temperature might be as high as 60o F, regardless if the air/ground temperature is below freezing).

27. , common name for about 20 mostly creeping but also erect herb species of the genus Anagallis, of the primrosefamily, and found nearly worldwide. The scarlet pimpernel, A. arvensis, is a small, spreading annual native to Europe and now found in North America. It grows in fields as a weed, reaching from 6 to 30 cm (2.7 to 12 in) in height, and has red, pink, or blue bell-shaped flowers 6 mm (0.2 in) wide. The flowers close at the approach of rain and open in bright sunshine; therefore, the plant has been called shepherd's barometer and poor man's weatherglass. The blue pimpernel, A. monelli, is abundant in parts of Europe. The bog pimpernel, A. tenella, is common in bogs in England.

28. The ointment known as the "Balm of Gilead" comes from a kind of balsam poplar. A balsam is a fir tree, but a popular is a deciduous tree. In ancient times the healing properties of the "Balm of Gilead" were known throughout the world. The Balm is described from antiquity as being a 'rare, fragrant and intoxicating unguent'. Its properties to heal wounds bordered on the miraculous. It was extremely valuable and often used for barter.

29. Description: Small scrub or a arbolilo caducifolio that can reach up to 8 meters in height, with simple leaves elliptical to oblong, 4-6 cm in length and 1, 5-3 cm in width. Cleared base; margin finely sawed in the superior part. White flowers appearing before the leaves the measure 6-8 mm in diameter and they are ranged in turgid. Fruit of around 6mm of diameter.Original species in East of North America.