1 / 12

Financing Education in Indonesia

Financing Education in Indonesia. Presentation for International Conference on Governance & Accountability in Social Sector Decentralization Intergovernmental Finance of Education Thursday, 19 th February 2004 (Session 5a) Kai Kaiser, PRMPS. Context. Diverse Archipelago

Pat_Xavi
Download Presentation

Financing Education in Indonesia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Financing Education in Indonesia Presentation for International Conference on Governance & Accountability in Social Sector Decentralization Intergovernmental Finance of Education Thursday, 19th February 2004 (Session 5a) Kai Kaiser, PRMPS Financing Education in Indonesia

  2. Context • Diverse Archipelago • 171,000 public primary schools / 1.4 million teachers • 31,000 secondary schools / 0.68 million teachers • 1997/8 Economic Crisis • 2001 “Big Bang” Decentralization • 400+ Districts • 30 Provinces Financing Education in Indonesia

  3. Challenges • Equity • Inter-regional • Quality Issues • Governance & Accountability • “Leakages” • Expenditure Assignments Financing Education in Indonesia

  4. Pre-Decentralization Financing Flows • Decentralized “Earmarked” Transfers • Recurrent Subsidies (SDOs) • Capital Grants (Inpres) • Deconcentrated Expenditures • Kanwil DIP/DIK-DAs Financing Education in Indonesia

  5. Post-Decentralization Funding • Decentralized Expenditures • Block Grant (DAU) • Revenue Sharing (Natural Resource/Other) • Own Revenues • Conditional Grant (DAK) • Central Expenditures • DIPs • Deconcentrated Agencies (Kanwil’s) Abolished Financing Education in Indonesia

  6. Post-DecentralizationMultiple Flows Source: WB Education Sector Review 2004 Financing Education in Indonesia

  7. Post-Decentralization: Center and Regions Finance Source: WB Education Sector Review 2004 Financing Education in Indonesia

  8. District Wage Pressures versus Expenditure Levels Financing Education in Indonesia

  9. Challenges for Equitable Service Delivery • District/Provincial Funding • DAU Equalization • Design versus Political/Transitional Constraints • Decentralized Education Allocations • Local Preferences/Accountability • Minimum Standards/Obligatory Functions • Deconcentrated Expenditures • Equalization vis-à-vis Decentralized Expenditures • Parental Contribution Financing Education in Indonesia

  10. Challenges for Financing Instruments • Minimum Standards • Definition/Proliferation • Affordability • Implementability • Earmarked/Conditional Financing • DAK (Capital Grant versus Conditional Grant) • “Decentralizing” Deconcentrated Financing • Central Teachers • 196K Central Teachers for Regions 2003/4 Financing Education in Indonesia

  11. Challenges of Decentralization M&E • Central M&E Systems • Collapse as regions no longer have incentives to report • Local Budget Reporting • APBD-SIKD • Central Budget Allocations • Limited Transparency Financing Education in Indonesia

  12. Conclusion • Continued tensions between decentralized and centralized financing models • Uncertainly about resource composition and accountability at the facility level • Too early to determine decentralization impacts on service delivery outcomes • Increased heterogeneity Financing Education in Indonesia

More Related