Reported Speech – Free ESL Lesson Plan

1. RS1.1 – Introduction to reported speech - 1 Lesson 1/7 ESL Lesson Plan

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3. Direct speech Hi! It is nice to meet you. I am going to teach you about reported speech!

4. Introduction! Oh no! I couldn’t hear him. What did he say?

5. Reported speech He said that it was nice to meet me and that he was going to teach me about reported speech. We use reported, or indirect, speech when we want to repeat what someone said previously.

6. Reported speech Speech reports consist of two parts: the reporting clause and the reported clause. John said that he was tired. The woman mentioned that she would be late. reported clause reporting verb thatis often omitted, especially in everyday English John said he was tired. The woman mentioned she would be late.

7. directspeech > reportedspeech He said that he would call me the next day. direct speech Thomas said, 'I will call you tomorrow.' indirect speech Many things change in reported speech! 4 1 pronouns I changes to he We use quotation marks in direct speech, but not in reported speech. will changes to would 2 tense tomorrowchanges to the next day 3 time

8. Backshifting When we change direct speech to reported speech, we ‘go back’ a tense. This is called backshifting. direct speech reported speech Lisa said, 'I am hungry.' Lisa said that she was hungry. Go back a tense, to the past simple tense. This is the present simple tense.

9. Possessive adjectives in reported speech The possessive adjectives are my, your, his, her, its, our, and their direct reported Notice how mychanges to her.

10. Complete with the possessive adjective Careful! More than one answer may be possible. Andrew has a daughter. He said that _____ daughter was going to the university. Jane and Robert have three children. Jane said that _____ children are generally well-behaved. I have a dog. I said that _____ dog is a Beagle. Sophie and Roger have three children. Roger said that _____ son is in Grade 6. Roger said that his son doesn’t like _____ English teacher very much. Roger said that _____ daughters like _____ science teacher.

11. Complete with the possessive adjective Careful! More than one answer may be possible. 5. Noah owns many books. He said that _____ book collection has more than 1,000 titles. 6. You need to hurry. We are going to be late! I said before that _____ train leaves in an hour… 7. Dylan went to Leyla and John’s wedding. Dylan said that _____ wedding was wonderful and that _____ wedding dress was incredibly beautiful. 8. Ariana lives in New York. She said that _____ city is the largest in the United States.

12. present simple changes to past simple Change the direct speech to reported speech direct speech: James said, 'I am angry.' indirect speech: _____________ Remember, when we move to reported speech, we go back a tense from the original words. We call this backshifting.

13. Change from direct to reported speech Remember to change the present simple to the past simple 9. Simon said, ‘I like to swim in the sea.’ Simon said that he liked to swim in the sea. 10. Alexander said ‘My daughters play the piano.’ 11. Ethan and Mia said, ‘We go to the cinema every weekend.’ 12. Grace said, ‘I don’t want to stay in that hotel.’ 13. David said, ‘James and I like to go to parties.’ 14. Benjamin said, ‘We don’t agree on this.’

14. present continuous > past continuous The present continuous changes to the past continuous direct reported What did Nicole say? I am cooking dinner. Nicole

15. Change from direct to reported speech Remember to change present continuous to past continuous 15. Emily said, ‘I am going to the theater.’ 16. Lucas and Graham said, ‘We aren’t going to the office.’ 17. Matthew said, ‘Sally’s going to Spain.’ 18. Isaac said, ‘Mehmet and Zak aren’t speaking to each other.’ 19. Carter said, ‘Hannah isn’t planning to go on holiday.’ 20. Jayden said, ‘I am not watching television.’

16. If we report something that is still true… …it is not necessary to change the tense of the verb. direct reported This is a scientific fact, which is still true, so we don’t need to change the tense. James is still a lawyer at this moment, so the tense doesn’t need to change!

17. Provide the reported speech Change Henry’s direct speech into reported speech. Assume that his statements are still true now. I study at a university Remember! If we report something that is still true, it is not necessary to change the tense of the verb. I am an accountant I am 22 years old I am single I speak German I live in Ireland I work part-time

18. Provide the reported speech Report the weather reporter’s direct speech. It’s sunny in Rome It is raining in London Use backshifting for all of these examples. There is a heatwave in Australia It is humid in Singapore It is snowing in Toronto It’s windy in Istanbul It is 43 degrees in Dubai