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Endocrinology and its Glands

Endocrinology is a specialization of medicine; some would say as a sub-specialty of inner medication, which offers with the analysis and treatment of diseases related to testosterone. Endocrinology includes human features such as the synchronization of metabolic rate, breathing, reproduction, neurological understanding and activity.

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Endocrinology and its Glands

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  1. Endocrinology and its Glands Endocrinology and its Glands

  2. Major Endocrine Organs Pituitary gland: The pituitary gland hangs from the base of the brain by a stalk and is enclosed by bone. It consists of a hormone-producing glandular portion and a neural portion, which is an extension of the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus regulates the hormonal output of the anterior pituitary and synthesizes two hormones that it exports to the posterior pituitary for storage and later release.

  3. Thyroid gland The thyroid gland is located in the anterior throat. Thyroid follicles store colloid containing thyroglobulin, a glycoprotein from which thyroid hormone is derived.Thyroid hormone (TH) includes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which increase the rate of cellular metabolism. Consequently, oxygen use and heat production rise.

  4. Parathyroid glands The parathyroid glands, located on the dorsal aspect of the thyroid gland, secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH),which causes an increase in blood calcium levels by targeting bone, the intestine, and the kidneys. PTH is the antagonist of calcitonin. PTH release is triggered by falling blood calcium levels and is inhibited by rising blood calcium levels.

  5. Pancreas The pancreas, located in the abdomen close to the stomach, is both an exocrine and an endocrine gland. The endocrine portion releases insulin and glucagon and smaller amounts of other hormones to the blood.

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