2007 International Conference & Exhibition on Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials

1. 2007 International Conference & Exhibition on Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Textile Surface Treatment and Standardization Charlie Chow Technical Director Nano-Group Holdings Ltd. 12 Dec 2007

2. Outline • Milestones in the development of nanotechnology • Surface Treatment in textile Industry • Standardization • Conclusion

3. World Government spend in Nanotechnology R&D UNITED STATES FY 2007 US$1,200,000,000.00 (1.2 billion) FY 2001 – 2007 US$6,800,000,000.00 (6.8 billion) Source : http://www.nsf.gov/

4. World Government spend in Nanotechnology R&D RUSSIA US$7,000,000,000.00 (7 billion) E.U. Euro 1,300,000,000.00 (1.3 billion) CHINA US$1,000,000,000.00 (1 billion) Source : http://www.nsf.gov/ http://www.spacemart.com/reports/russia

5. Governments, Corporations and Venture Capitalists spend in Nanotechnology R&D 2007 US$4,000,000,000.00 (4 billion) Source : http://www.luxresearchinc.com/

6. US National Survey on awareness toward Nanotechnology August 2007 How much have you heard about Nanotechnology ? 6 % Heard a lot 21% Heard some 29% Heard just a little 42% Heard nothing at all 2% Not sure Source :http://www.hartresearch.com

7. Milestones in the development of Nanotechnology Source :http://www.crnano.org

8. Nanotechnology consumer products 2007 Source : http://www.nanotechproject.org/consumer/analysis.html

9. Nanotechnology consumer products 2007 Source : http://www.nanotechproject.org/consumer/analysis.html

10. Market for Textile Industry • Nanometer particles application • Smart Fabric • E-Textiles • Wearable Electronic 2007 US$ 13,600,000,000.00 (13.6 billion) 2012 US$1,15,000,000,000.00 (115 billion) Source : http://www.cientifica.eu/

11. Wide Range of Targeted Textile Products Apparel fabric Cotton Linen Nylon Rayon Polyester Upholster Wool Garments Casual Wear Sports Wear Kid's wear Woollen Uniforms • Home Furnishings • Pillows • Bed Linens • Sofa cushions • Curtains • Carpets • Public • Public transit seats cushions • Restaurants table linens • Toys • Stuff toys

12. Current application with Nanometer particles • Liquid Repellence • Oil and Stain Resistance • Wrinkle Free • UV-Protection • Antibacterial • Flame Retardant • Odor Elimination • Quick drying • Mosquito Repellence and more… Image Source :http://www.nanoengineer-1.com

13. Lotus-leaf Self-cleaning effect

14. Liquid Repellent function

15. Bacterial and other infectious diseases have killed over5,000,000 people yearly Test method : AATCC-147 Non-Treated vs Nano-Treated Fabric Source : http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20050701faessay84402-p10/michael-t-osterholm/preparing-for-the-next-pandemic.html

16. Functions of the Photo-Catalyst

17. 3,500,000 – 5,000,000 cases of MalariaOver 1,000,000people diedyearly Source : http://www.malaria-vaccines.org.uk/1.shtml

18. Nano-encapsulated Mosquito Repellent Particles image under SEM

19. There are 2 classes of Savings: Direct Savings of Resources Indirect Savings of Resources as: Shorten the washing time (less energy and water consumption) Fewer number of washings for a given time (less energy, water and detergent consumption) Low water temperature for washing (smaller energy consumption) Green Technology for the Earth’s Resources U care W care about our Earth

20. Why do we need Standards • Facilitate Nanotechnology commercialization • Quality assurance • Guidelines for achieving quality management • Conveys confidence • Consumers acceptance • Increase sales and market access

21. At present –There are • No agreed terminology/definitions • No uniform nomenclature • No uniform measurement • No agreed test methods • No standardized protocols for testing and evaluating toxicity of nanoparticles

22. Technical Committee on NanotechologiesTC 229 • Standards under development : • ISO/PRF TS 27687 • Nanotechnologies - Terminology and definitions for nanoparticles • ISO/AWI 10801 • Nanotechnologies -- Generation of silver nanoparticles for inhalation toxicity testing Source : http://www.iso.org

23. E 56 Committee on Nanotechnology • Issues related to standards and guidance materials for nanotechnology & nanomaterials • Coordinate existing ASTM standardization related to nanotechnology needs Source : http://www.astm.org

24. Nanotechnology Council • Developing nanotechnology-based electronics standards • To consider new standards projects, to guide the development Source : http://www.grouper.ieee.org

25. American National Standards Institute – Nanotechnology Standards Panel • Developing standards in the area of nanotechnology including, but not limited to : Nomenclature/terminology Materials properties Testing, measurement and characterization procedures Source : http://www.ansi.org

26. STANDARDIZATION ADMINISTRATIONOF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA • (SAC/TC279) National Technical Committee on Nanotechnology of Standardization Administration of China • Drafting fundamental standards, terminology, methodology and safety in the fields of nano-scale measurements, materials, devices and scale biomedicine. • Approved over 20 nanotechnology-related standards Source : http://www.nanochina.cn

27. International Standards Groups • British Standards Institution (BSI) • Deutsches institut fur Normung (DIN) • European Committee for Standardization (CEN) • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Industrial Science and Technology Working Group (ISTWG) • Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) • Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) Nanotechnology Research Center and Center for Measurement Standards And many more

28. National Standards of the People's Republic of ChinaGB/T (Guojia Biaozhun) • Guóbiāo (国标) (GB) in the People's Republic of China is the abbreviation of • Guójiā Biāozhǔn (国家标准), meaning the "National Standards", or • Guójiā Biāozhǔn Mǎ (国家标准码), meaning the "National Standard Encoding" as Chinese character encoding system • “T” from Chinese language推荐 tuījiàn, "recommended" • Ex : GB/T19619-2004 Terminology for nanomaterials Source : http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guobiao

29. DB – Province Level Standard • DB 44/T 415-2007 NANOTECHNOLOGY-TREATED CLOTHES (Approved on April 26.2007 by Bureau of Quality and Technology Supervision of Guangdong Province ) • Voluntary local standards • Province Level Bureau of Technical Supervision

30. DB 44/T 415-2007 NANOTECHNOLOGY-TREATED CLOTHES Standard for woven and knitted fabric and garments with the following functions : • Liquid repellency • Oil repellency • Soil-release • Anti-bacterial • UV protection

31. DB 44/T 415-2007 NANOTECHNOLOGY-TREATED CLOTHES TEST METHOD : GB/T 4745-1997, ISO 4920:1981 Liquid repellency GB/T 19977-2005,ISO 14419:1998 Oil repellency, Hydrocarbon resistance FZ/T 73023-2006, AATCC 100:1999, JIS L 1902:2002 Anti-bacterial Efficacy FZ/T 10012 Soil release performance GB/T 18830 UV protection

32. Conclusion • Surface treatment with Green Earth concept • Health and safety • Urgent need Standardization • Educate Industry concerned, consumers

33. Thank You Charlie Chow Nano-Group Holdings Ltd. Email : charlie@nanogh.com http://www.nanogh.com