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Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora

Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Radial or biradial symmetry. Contents. Phylum Cnidaria Unique characteristics Systems 1 (Integumentary, skeletal, muscle and digestive) 2 (Excretory, respiratory, circulatory and nervous) 3 (Endocrine and reproductive) Taxonomy Phylum Ctenophora

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Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora

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  1. Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora Radial or biradial symmetry

  2. Contents • Phylum Cnidaria • Unique characteristics • Systems • 1 (Integumentary, skeletal, muscle and digestive) • 2 (Excretory, respiratory, circulatory and nervous) • 3 (Endocrine and reproductive) • Taxonomy • Phylum Ctenophora • Unique characteristics • Comparison to Cnidaria • Taxonomy

  3. Phylum Cnidaria • Some unique characteristics • Nematocysts • Alternation of generations • (polyp and medusa body forms) • Planula larva • Mesoglea

  4. Cnidaria Systems 1 • Integumentary • One cell layer (epidermis) • Skeletal • Hydrostatic or some with endoskeletons and/or exoskeleton of calcium carbonate (Anthozoa) • Muscle • None; epith-muscle cells (fibers from cells into mesoglea) Anthozoa may have muscles • Digestive • Incomplete

  5. Cnidaria Systems 2 • Excretory • Isotonic in marine; some freshwater forms use contractile vacuoles) • Respiratory • No system , use cellular diffusion • Circulatory • No system, use cellular diffusion and mesoglea • Nervous • Nerve net (ring around the bell of medusa)

  6. Cnidaria Systems 3 • Endocrine • Have hormones, secreted by nervous system • Reproductive • Alternation of generations, vary as to dominant stage • Medusa is the sexual body plan • Polyp is the asexual body plan • Planula larva • Dioecious or monoecious

  7. Class Hydrozoa (hi-dro-zo-ah) Hydra, Obelia, Gonionemus, Physalia Class Scyphozoa (sky-fo-zo-ah) Aurelia Class Anthozoa (an-tho-zo-ah) Metridium Tubipora Gorgonia Other anthozoan coral Class Cubozoa (ku-bo-zo-ah) No specimens Cnidaria Taxonomy

  8. Class Hydrozoa • Alternation of generation with polyp as the dominant body plan • Incomplete digestive with an unbranched gut. • Mesoglea thin • Medusa with a velum

  9. Class HydrozoaGenus— Hydra CS through hydra

  10. Class Hydrozoa Genus— Obelia

  11. Class Hydrozoa Genus— Gonionemus

  12. Class Hydrozoa Genus— Physalia

  13. Class Scyphozoa • Alternation of generation with medusa the dominant body plan • Incomplete digestive with four branches • Mesoglea thick with some cells • Medusa without velum

  14. Class ScyphozoaGenus— Aurelia

  15. Class Anthozoa • No alternation of generation - polyps only • Incomplete digestive with 6 to 8 branches (septia) • Nematocyst in the gut (acontia) • Mesoglea thick and with muscle tissue • Coral Reefs

  16. Class AnthozoaGenus — Metridium

  17. Class AnthozoaGenus — Tubipora

  18. Sea fan String coral Class AnthozoaGenus — Gorgonia

  19. Fungia Astrangia Brain coral Lettuce coral Sea pansy Other Anthozoan Coral

  20. Coral Reefs • Fringing reef • Close to land mass none or a narrow lagoon between land and shore. • Barrier reef • Has a wide and deep lagoon between reef and shore line. • Atolls • Reefs that encircle a lagoon, but there is no island

  21. Phylum Ctenophora • Unique Characteristics • Comb plates • Medusa only • Luminescence common • Position of paired tentacles changes symmetry to biradial

  22. Differences No alternation of generations (medusa only) No nematocysts Biradial symmetry, two tentacles Combs Complete digestive system May be triploblastin Similarities Aboral-oral axis Nerve net Lack of organ systems Comparison Ctenophora to Ctenophora

  23. Taxonomy Phylum Ctenophora • Class Tentaculata (ten-tack-u-la-ta) • Pleurobrachia

  24. End of presentation

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