Copenhague, 29 June 2009 - OECD

1. Higher Education in Andalusia at a Time of Crisis An Opportunity for Regional Development Copenhague, 29 June 2009 - OECD

2. Index Andalucía: a Regional University System The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities Looking for a Way Out

3. Index Andalucía: a Regional University System The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities Looking for a Way Out

4. 1. Andalucía The Region

5. Andalucía: 8.059.461 inhabitants: 50.37% female Spain: 45.200.737 inhabitants, 50.57% female Denmark: 5.447.084 inhabitants, 50.49% female EU: 495.854.635 inhabitants, 51.18% female Andalucía is 17.8% Spain, 147.95% Denmark population, 1.62% EU 8 provinces: 87 598 km2 and 873 km coastline Huelva-Almería, 482 km vs. Huelva-Madrid, 635 km Spain: 505 990 km2; Denmark: 43 098 km2; EU: 4.303.404 km2 Andalucía is 16,7% Spain, 203% Denmark and 2.03% UE territory Cohesion Policy framework: Andalucía is a Convergence Region 2008 GDP: 149.909.933 €. A 13,7% national GDP Economic Sectors rates for GAV & employment : Service, 60%; Industrial, 15%/11%; Construction, 12%/15%; Agriculture: 10% R&D Investment Policy: 0.89% Andalusian Budget (0.36% in 1997) vs. 1.2% National rate. 1987-2006 annual investment increase: 13.7% in Andalucia, 11.9 % as national average increase 1. Andalucía Some Relevant Figures (IEA 2007) A brief look at basic figures shows a “country size” region with a growing economy 1 Population 2 Area 3 Economy Understanding the characteristics of Andalucia Region is of major importance to assess the impact of and the proper initiatives to be taken to address the present economic crisis

6. Universitiy Landscape 1. Andalucía Higher Education System In Spain , the Higher Education system is composed of Universities, Higher Vocational Training Schools and Superior Dramatic and Musical Schools. Nevertheless, this paper is solely concerned with Andalusian Universities. 10 Public Universities forming the Andalusian University System (AUS)* 1 Private University has been authorised, not already in existence University of Sevilla (1505) - US University of Huelva (1993) - UHU University of Granada (1512) - UGR University of Almería (1993) - UAL University Málaga (1968) - UMA University of Jaén (1993) - UJA University of Córdoba (1972) - UCO International University of Andalucia (1994) - UNIA University of Cádiz (1979) - UCA University Pablo de Olavide (1997) - UPO (*) There is a common entrance system to the AUS: any student, passing entrance exams in Andalusia, may apply to any of the AUS institutions, in a preferential way compared to students from outside the Andalusian Education System. Previously, every university was forced to select the students from the closest area with preference to any other student.

7. Faculty Members 2008 % Female • UAL 859 36,79 • UCA 1.637 31,46 • UCO 1.369 31,19 • UGR 3.682 35,01 • UHU 897 37,46 • UJA 1.129 37,29 • UMA 2.208 34,28 • UPO 825 39,27 • USE 4.242 33,24 • ANDA. 16.848 34,40 • SPAIN 98.304 36,40 1. Andalucía Some Figures about the AUS Total Public Expense for Universities (2007): 1 291 mill € Total 10 Andalusian Universities Budget: 1 747 mill € Advanced Public Budget for Universities (2008): 1 490 mill. € Students 2008 % Female • UAL 11.307 58,94 • UCA 19.544 55,97 • UCO 17.679 53,65 • UGR 56.091 55,88 • UHU 10.102 55,38 • UJA 14.515 54,07 • UMA 33.423 55,64 • UPO 8.567 58,59 • USE 57.426 53.35 • ANDA.228.654 55,16 • SPAIN1.396.607 54,31

8. The financial agreement signed, the financial terms are not supposed to be exposed to the economic crisis, before the terms and conditions are re-negotiated by 2011. 1. Andalucía Financial Agreement between the Regional Government and the Universities A financial model was agreed by the CAU* for the period 2007-2011, based on: - University performance - Shared private and public financing Financial terms and conditions 2007 outcomes 1.25% Regional GDP (1.4% 2008) 73.89% - 26.11% Terms and Conditions 1.5% regional GDP ceiling to be attained by 2011 70% - 30% public and private University income III Infrastructure Investment Plan (*) CAU: Consejo Andaluz de Universidades or Andalusian University Council, which is composed by the Regional Ministry of Innovation, Science and Enterprise, the 10 Universities, the 10 Social Councils of Universities, the Regional Education Council, and 5 members elected in Parliament.

9. Index Andalucía: a Regional University System The Crisis: Impact, Challenges and Opportunities A Lifelong Learning Era: the Way Out of the Crisis

10. 2. The Crisis Impact on employment Economic crisis has a severe impact on employment in Andalucía given the dominance of the construction and tourism sectors in the region’s economy.

11. 2. The Crisis Impact on Public Budget The Regional Budget amounts to 33.8 billion € in 2009, from which 2.6 for the Regional Ministry in charge of Universities and Innovation. University, Research and Innovation policy have not been affected, up to day, by a severe funding shortcut. A slower growth pattern is shown, which illustrates a political commitment to a new economic structure design –based on Innovation and Education- for the Region.

12. 2. The Crisis Challenges 2 1 Leading Policy: Foundation to an entrepreneurship, tolerant and prosper society The way to upgrade the economic structure of Andalucía through efficiency and creativity Education Innovation Key Economic Sectors Social Cohesion 3 4 The EU Social Model is promoted through a higher education level in a more innovative society Biotech, Renewable Energy Sources, Food, Tourism, Aeronautic, Communication Tech. These are the challenges defined by new Government, connected to the crisis.

13. 2 3 Society Economic Structure The Research and Higher Education needs to increase at a crisis time to build up a more sustainable and economic model Growth model based on traditional Rural Economy, Tourism and Construction Sector. New Sectors to be explored Welfare Society, with a high educational attainment and social services, based on new technologies and innovation Mid term: More education and research will renew the economic growth pattern in the Region Long term: Establishing a golden triangle Higher Education, Innovation and Welfare Short Term: Lifelong Learning Opportunities and Applied Research Challenges New Role for Universities in Regional Development A Knowledge Society Added Value Economy through Innovation 2. The Crisis Opportunities 1 Universities

14. Index Andalucía: a Regional University System The Crisis Impact: Challenges and Opportunities Looking for a Way Out

15. OECD/IHME Review Regional Ministry Universities Regional Stakeholders Lifelong Learning Era Financial Commitments Innovation Review Universities Regional Stakeholders Regional Ministry National and Regional Governments Universities Regional Stakeholders Regional Ministry Technological Centers Regional Stakeholders 3. Looking for a Way Out Actors and Actions

16. 3. Looking for the Way Out Forging alliances Regional Government Commitment in OECD/IHME Review Clear understanding of the objectives of the process Consequential results Forging Alliances Process

17. 3. Looking for the Way Out Financial Commitments 2010 Public funding guaranteed Private funding competition A sensible balance between income and audience Extending access to University, upgrading the economy structure

18. 3. Looking for the Way Out Innovation Review LEED Program Review Innovation and Internationalization of local and regional economy Strengthen of HEIS-local companies relationship for Innovation Expertise and entrepreneurship in the Regional System of Innovation

19. 3. Looking for the Way Out Lifelong Learning New Design of Graduate and Postgraduate Curricula Lifelong Learning A new social role for Universities Universities are building up internal financial partnerships

20. Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats 3. Looking for a Way Out Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats Crisis is a time for action, preceded by careful analysis. All stakeholders must be involved in both process, so consensus and commitment be assured.

21. Regional Ministry for Innovation, Science and Enterprise • Andalusian Public University System – AUPA • Historical Dialogue Process between both • Active attitude on the Regional Ministry side • Non-active population: target group for Universities • Universities to regain social role as economy engine • New awareness of the importance of Higher Studies • Small ratio of private funding (<25%) • Scarce public funding for student grants, although growing • Limited innovation in small companies • Rigid University legislation concerning programme offer • Reduced public funding for education • Loss of confidence in partnerships between HEIs and companies 3. Looking for a Way Out Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

22. Thank You Eulalia W. Petit de Gabriel eulalia.petit.ext@juntadeandalucia.es Regional Coordinator, Government of Andalucía – SPAIN (EU) Higher Education Institutions in Regional and City Development, IHME, OECD