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ARTHROPODS

ARTHROPODS. CRUSTACEANS Vary in size and locations Hard exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, & mandibles Fig. 28-23 Head,thorax, & abdomen, Cephalothroax: head and thorax fused here, covered with carapace.

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ARTHROPODS

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  1. ARTHROPODS • CRUSTACEANS • Vary in size and locations • Hard exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, & mandibles • Fig. 28-23 • Head,thorax, & abdomen, • Cephalothroax: head and thorax fused here, covered with carapace. • Antennae: 2nd pair of appendagesused for filter feeding, oars, and sense organs • Mandibles: 3rd pair of appendages, mouthparts, • Appendages on thorax and abdomen vary: • barnacles: feathery for filter feeding • legs for walking or paddling for swimming • claws • swimmerets: located on the abdomen

  2. INSECTS • Characterized by long, wormlike body composed of leg-bearing segments • CENTIPEDE • Carnivores: poison claws in the head region • One pair of legs/body segment (15-170 legs) • MILLIPEDE • Two pair of legs/body segment • Feed on dead/decaying plant material • Timid, roll in ball or secret unpleasant/toxic chemicals • INSECTS: • Characterized by a body w/3 parts-head, thorax, and abdomen- and has three pair of legs attached to the throax. • FEEDING: fig. 28-27 (mouth parts) • Saliva producing digestive enzymes: honey bee, mosquitoes

  3. INSECTS • MOVEMENT • Three pair of walking legs w/ hooks at end • Large muscles in thorax for wing attachment (up to 53 kph) • Oversized mitochondria to operate wings keeping temp. up • INSECT SOCIETIES • Collection of individuals of the same species who divide up the labor • Castes: types of individuals who make up the colony • Reproductive males and females, & workers • Queens: only one/colony, typically the largest individual • Lay eggs: termite queen can lay 30,000/day • Reproductive males: only job to fertilize the queen’s eggs • With bees the successful males die, and unsuccessful are banished • Workers: Do everything else: care for young, build and repair hives, gather & store food, defend hive

  4. INSECTS • INSECT COMMUNICATION • Use sound, visual, chemical, and other types of communication ???? • Pheromones: chemical messengers that affects the behavior and/or development of other individuals of the same species. • Worker ants and food: She heads back to the nest dragging her abdomen on the ground leaving behind a trail of pheromone. • Queens produce queen substance preventing the development of rival eggs. So, female larvae develop as workers not queens. • Honeybees use sound and movement as well as pheromones. • Fig. 28-32 • Round Dance and Waggle Dance • HOW ARTHROPODS FIT INTO THE WORLD? • Pollination, Food, Pest Control, Symbiotic Relationships, Chemicals we need, Agriculture, Damage: crops and livestock, Infections

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