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USAID/Mozambique Gender Analysis of Tourism Sector: De-Brief and Preliminary ... USAID Approach to Gender Analysis and Gender Integration in Programming ...

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  1. USAID/Mozambique Gender Analysis of Tourism Sector: De-Brief and Preliminary Recommendations DevTech Systems, Inc. Maputo, February 18, 2005 Assessment Team: Virginia Lambert, IBM Jim McNicholas, DevTech Systems, Inc. Edda Collier, Maputo

  2. Outline of Briefing • Introduction and Context • USAID Approach to Gender Analysis and Gender Integration in Programming • Integrating Gender--Where we are in the Process • Key Issues Identified • Preliminary Recommendations February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  3. Gender Analysis conducted for Country Strategic Plan SO7 Action Plan: Promote self-regulation at the association level to ensure minimum labor standards applied Ensure statistics on employment creation are disaggregated by sex and systematic monitoring conducted Carry out policy research on liberalization measures that support gender equality USAID/Mozambique Gender Action Plan: February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  4. USAID Methodology for Gender Analysis Two key questions with regard to gender issues: • How will gender relations affect the achievement of sustainable results; and, • How will proposed results affect the relative status of men and women? February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  5. Gender Integration—Where we are in the Process • Policy Goal: Influence Policy Environment • Program Design: Framework Development and Initiative Packaging • Gender Analysis at this stage: Identify key gender-based constraints and opportunities for program and policy interventions as design moves forward February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  6. National Overview: Illiteracy: 69% Female 38% Male Enrollment secondary (8-10) 29% Female 71% Male Maternal mortality: 1500/150,000 Northern provinces: Illiteracy: 86.2 % Female 56.3% Male Current Policy Context: Commitment of Government Policy Framework; New Family Law (2003) Existing Resources and Initiatives Context and Existing Resources: February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  7. Priority Gender Issues Identified • Income Generation • Direct Employment in Tourism Sector • Indirect Employment through Linkages • Tools and Interventions to Promote Entrepreneurialism and Business Development • Potential Negative Linkages/Illegal Activities • Infrastructure • Community Based Resource Management • Policy Implications February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  8. Direct Employment Opportunities in Tourism in Northern Provinces International Experience: • Tourism is significant employment generator (men and women) • Higher percentage of women employed than in broader economy • Opportunity for women to advance in sector Possible Constraints in Northern Mozambique: • Cultural Constraints • Labor Availability of Women: Gender Roles in Household • Education and Training Gap • Level of entry and types of jobs • Labor Law February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  9. Indirect Employment Opportunities through Market Linkages • Agricultural Production to Tourism Market • Artisan products and crafts • Goods and Services • Cultural Products February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  10. Tools and Interventions for Employment and SME Development • Information Dissemination and Promotion of Tourism as Economic Value • Training: On the job and Bus. Development Skills • Credit and Financial Services • Monitoring of Women’s Participation: • Quantitative—recruitment and promotion • Qualitative February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  11. Potential Negative Linkages/ Illegal Activities Potential Negative Linkages • Prostitution • HIV/AIDS • Opportunity to integrate HIV, legal enforcement, and gender awareness training into programmatic and tourism promotion trainings February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  12. Infrastructure Positive Linkages • Infrastructure: Health and Transport • Linked to Health Programs: e.g. Malaria, HIV February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  13. February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  14. Community-based Natural Resource Management and Decision-making • Achieving objectives of tourism investments will be affected by relationship with community. • Gender roles in resource management need to be understood. • Distribution of benefits in community: engage women actively in participation in community negotiation of trade-offs and benefits • Long-term process: part of enabling environment for protected area management plans. February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  15. Policy Implications • PARPA II • Land Law • Labor Law Reform • Dissemination of information and promotion of enforcement of existing laws required for provinces • Ensuring entrepreneurs, lawyers, policy review includes credible advocate for gender issues February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  16. Summary of Preliminary Recommendations • Monitoring and Evaluation • Staffing and Training • Site-level: On-site analysis of gender roles and distribution of benefits and impacts on communities • Ensure credible gender advocate participates in the development of policy enabling environment February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

  17. February 2005 DevTech Systems, Inc.

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