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Latin Christendom Timeline

Latin Christendom Timeline. 476 “Fall” of the Roman Empire 400+ Irish monks preserve knowledge 400+ Decline of urban population 622+ Muslim Expansion 732 Defeat of Muslims at Tours 800 Charlemagne crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by Pope 843 Treaty of Verdun. LATIN CHRISTENDOM.

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Latin Christendom Timeline

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  1. Latin Christendom Timeline • 476 “Fall” of the Roman Empire • 400+ Irish monks preserve knowledge • 400+ Decline of urban population • 622+ Muslim Expansion • 732 Defeat of Muslims at Tours • 800 Charlemagne crowned “Emperor of the Romans” by Pope • 843 Treaty of Verdun

  2. LATIN CHRISTENDOM

  3. Main Points • Post Roman Western Europe • Christianity and Monasticism • Germanic Culture • Merovingians • Carolingians & Charlemagne

  4. I. Post Roman Western Europe • Political instability • Multiple kingdoms • Incessant wars • Inability to regulate royal succession • Rivalries

  5. I. Post Roman Western Europe

  6. I. Post Roman Western Europe • Economic disintegration • Land passed out of cultivation • Coinage system broke down • Urban population shrinks • Trade declines • Bandits on roads • Rivers are main communication source

  7. I. Post Roman Western Europe • Total population declines • birthrate, marriage age • disease 560-750 series of plagues

  8. I. Post Roman Western Europe • Germanic tribes rule Rome • Ostrogoths rule from 476 • dualistic government • preservation of classical knowledge • Arianism vs. Catholicism • Spain • controlled by the Visigoths • fused with existing power structure • rule until 711 - Muslim conquest.

  9. Germanic Kingdoms 527 CE

  10. I. Post Roman Western Europe • North Africa • Vandals conquer and rule until 5th century • were Arians - persecuted Catholics • vanished when conquered by Justinian • Impact of Eastern Roman Empire • destroyed power of Ostrogoths, led to further dissolution of political authority in Italy (N & S) • destroyed Vandals • weakened Visigoths.

  11. Impact of the Eastern Roman Empire

  12. II. Christianity and Monasticism • Christianity spreads to Germany • different types of holy men • hermits, cenobites, vagrants • relics.

  13. II. Christianity and Monasticism • Pope Gregory I • Christianity centralizes its authority • Bishop of Rome vs. all other Western bishops • The Gregorian chant • Encouraged the Benedictine rule in all monasteries • Saint Benedict of Nursia (480-547) • Arise because of “impurity” of other monks • regimented day • Necessity of penance

  14. II. Christianity and Monasticism • unsettled times increase appeal of monasticism • role of monasteries in early middle ages • Christianize countryside • learning - Irish Monks • safety • economic (beer).

  15. Growth of Monasticism

  16. III. Germanic Culture • Northern Europe • Beowulf What does this tell us about this society?

  17. Area where Beowulf takes place

  18. IV. Merovingians • Clovis (reigned 481-511) • defeated last Roman outpost • married Clothilde and converts to Catholicism in 506 • ruled in conjunction with Romano-Gallic nobility – preserved some of the Roman system by end of the 600’s fusion of German and Roman ideas of kingship and law.

  19. IV. Merovingian Kingdom

  20. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • The reign of Charlemagne (742–814, r. 768–814) • United the Frankish Kingdom through armed expeditions • Forcing conversion to Christianity • Counts and local administration • Administration of justice • Courts, tolls, and taxation • New coinage system

  21. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • Can be seen many different ways • major Frankish king, restorer of the Roman Empire, Christian saint, mythic figure of French Romance, descendant of Charles Martel (Tours) • Expansion of empire • Saxons 772-804, Spain, Italy, Slavs.

  22. Charlemagne’s Empire 814

  23. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • Christianity and kingship • Kingship regarded as a divine office created by God to protect the church • Religious reforms • Changed liturgy of Frankish church • Reformed rules of worship • Prohibited pagan observances • Spiritual responsibilities of kingship: the protector of the papacy

  24. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • Coronation on Christmas Day 800

  25. Shrine of Charlemagne

  26. Charlemagne’s Empire 814

  27. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • Renaissance • Reformation of law codes • celebration of learning • support of churches

  28. V. Carolingians & Charlemagne • Aftermath • end of booty • ephemeral nature of kingdom • new invasions • Verdun 843 divides empire..

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