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Internet Timeline

Internet Timeline. 1962 - first electronic mail on a single computer 1964 - first book on packet switching theory 1968 - ARPA funds ARPA Computer Network (ARPANET) 1969 - first ARPANET node at UCLA

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Internet Timeline

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  1. Internet Timeline • 1962 - first electronic mail on a single computer • 1964 - first book on packet switching theory • 1968 - ARPA funds ARPA Computer Network (ARPANET) • 1969 - first ARPANET node at UCLA • Oct 1969 - first network connection between two computers on ARPANET • 1970 - first networked electronic mail

  2. 1971 - ARPA changes name to DARPA • 1973 - development of Ethernet; initial development of TCP/IP • 1977 - experimental Internet • 1979 - first use of :-) in email (used to express emotion) • 1983 - operational Internet; development of PCs and workstations • 1985 - NSF funds 5 national supercomputer centers; NSF and DARPA agree to mutual access

  3. 1986 - NSFNET backbone = 56 Kb/sec; NSFNET regionals develop; creation of IETF and IRTF • 1987 - fiber optics become cost effective • 1988 - NSFNET backbone = 1.5 Mb/sec • 1989 - NSFNET Acceptable Use Policy prohibits backbone usage for purposes “not in support of Research and Education” • 1990 - ARPANET retired • 1991 - NSFNET backbone = 45 Mb/sec

  4. 1991 - new commercial backbones emerge: Alternet, PSINet, ANS (MCI); NSFNET traffic = 1 trillion bytes/month • 1992 - new concept developed: World Wide Web; number of computers on Internet = 1,000,000 • 1993 - PSINet and AlterNet backbones = 45 Mb/sec; DARPA changes name to ARPA

  5. 1994 - Sprint begins selling Internet connectivity; WWW traffic across NFSNET increases 1600 times; NSFNET traffic exceeds 10 trillion bytes per month; can now order Pizza Hut on the Web • 1995 - MCI begins selling Internet connectivity; NSF’s funding on all this from 1986-1995 = $200 million • 1995 - Federal Networking Council resolution “defines” Internet (not invented by Al Gore!)

  6. FNC Defines Internet • RESOLUTION: The Federal Networking Council agrees that the following languages reflects our definition of the term “Internet”. “Internet” refers to the global information system that - (i) is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons; (ii) is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP-compatible protocols; and (iii) provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein.

  7. 1995 - NSFNET reverts back to a research network; existing sites have to use commercial network providers • 1995 - NSF creates new research network: vBNS, linking supercomputer centers • 1996 - ARPA changes name to DARPA; MCI backbone = 622 Mb/sec • Nov 1996 - Internet 2 project begins • 1999 - MCI (vBNS provider for NSF) upgrades backbone to 2.5 Gb/sec

  8. Growth in Number of Computers on Internet: 1982 - 1998

  9. Growth in Number of Computers on Internet: 1982 - 1998 (log)

  10. Info about “The Internet” • All About the Internet (and then some): • http://www.isoc.org/internet/ • History and Growth: • http://www.isoc.org/guest/zakon/Internet/History/HIT.html • Frequently Asked Questions (a few anyway) about the Internet: • http://www.isoc.org/internet/faq.txt

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