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Six Sigma

6σ. Six Sigma. Introduction to Six Sigma. Ground Rules. Lets make it interactive, funny and informative If you have a question at any time, ask! Thanks for keeping your mobile silent. Expectations. You will have a better understanding of Six Sigma

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Six Sigma

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  1. 6σ SixSigma

  2. Introduction to Six Sigma

  3. Ground Rules • Lets make it interactive, funny and informative • If you have a question at any time, ask! • Thanks for keeping your mobile silent

  4. Expectations You will have a better understanding of Six Sigma What are your expectations for this session?

  5. Index • Understanding Six Sigma • Six Sigma Methodologies & Tools • Roles & Responsibilities • Six Essential Improvement Themes

  6. Six Sigma is. . . • The application of the scientific method to the design and operation of management systems and business processes which enable employees to deliver the greatest value to customers and owners. • A philosophy, or understanding, that defects cost money defect free  lower cost  higher profits & loyal customers • A means to promote greater awareness of customer needs, performance measurement, and business improvement.

  7. Six Sigma is. . . • A performance metric. Meaning that the product or service is performing at a level where the chances of a defect are less than 3.4 in a million opportunities. • A series of tools and methods used to improve or design products, processes, and/or services.

  8. Managing Up the Sigma Scale

  9. In a world at 3 sigma. . . There are 964 U.S. flight cancellations per day. The police make 7 false arrests every 4 minutes. In MA, 5,390 newborns are dropped each year. In one hour, 47,283 international long distance calls are accidentally disconnected. In a world at 6 sigma. . . 1 U.S. flight is cancelled every 3 weeks. There are fewer than 4 false arrests per month. 1 newborn is dropped every 4 years in MA. It would take more than 2 years to see the same number of dropped international calls. Examples of the Sigma Scale

  10. Is Six Sigma? A replacement for existing quality programs Just for manufacturing For executives only A stand-alone initiative A magic touch A way to focus on satisfying customer needs Applicable to any business process Relevant to any employee or customer A continuous improvement mind-set and a decided-way of doing business No Pain No Gain

  11. What’s in a name? • Sigma is the Greek letter representing the standard deviation of a population of data. • Sigma is a measureof variation (the data spread) σ μ

  12. What does variation mean? • Variation means that a process does not produce the same result (the “Y”) every time. • Some variation will exist in all processes. • Variation directly affects customer experiences. Customers do not feel averages!

  13. Measuring Process PerformanceThe pizza delivery example. . . • Customers want their pizza delivered fast! • Guarantee = “30 minutes or less” • What if we measured performance and found an average delivery time of 23.5 minutes? • On-time performance is great, right? • Our customers must be happy with us, right?

  14. 30 min. or less x How often are we delivering on time?Answer: Look at the variation! • Managing by the average doesn’t tell the whole story. The average andthe variation togethershow what’s happening. s 0 10 20 30 40 50

  15. 30 min. or less x Reduce Variation to Improve PerformanceHow many standard deviations can you “fit” within customer expectations? • Sigma level measures how often we meet (or fail to meet) the requirement(s) of our customer(s). s 0 10 20 30 40 50

  16. The Six Sigma Evolutionary Timeline 1818: Gauss uses the normal curve to explore the mathematics of error analysis for measurement, probability analysis, and hypothesis testing. 1924: Walter A. Shewhart introduces the control chart and the distinction of special vs. common cause variation as contributors to process problems. 1736: French mathematician Abraham de Moivre publishes an article introducing the normal curve. 1896: Italian sociologist Vilfredo Alfredo Pareto introduces the 80/20 rule and the Pareto distribution in Cours d’Economie Politique. 1949: U. S. DOD issues Military Procedure MIL-P-1629, Procedures for Performing a Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis. 1960: Kaoru Ishikawa introduces his now famous cause-and-effect diagram. 1941: Alex Osborn, head of BBDO Advertising, fathers a widely-adopted set of rules for “brainstorming”. 1970s: Dr. Noriaki Kano introduces his two-dimensional quality model and the three types of quality. 1986: Bill Smith, a senior engineer and scientist introduces the concept of Six Sigma at Motorola 1995: Jack Welch launches Six Sigma at GE. 1994: Larry Bossidy launches Six Sigma at Allied Signal.

  17. Six Sigma Companies

  18. Index • Understanding Six Sigma • Six Sigma Methodologies & Tools • Roles & Responsibilities • Six Essential Improvement Themes

  19. Index • Understanding Six Sigma • Six Sigma Methodologies & Tools • Roles & Responsibilities • Six Essential Improvement Themes

  20. Leadership • CEO and other top management • Set up vision for Six Sigma • Choose Champions

  21. Champion • Usually senior manager • Driving force behind organization’s 6σ implementation • Mentor to other Black Belts • At some companies, may be known as “Quality Leader”

  22. Master Black Belt • Identified by Champions • Act as an in-house expert coach for Six Sigma • Supports many improvement teams, not limited to a certain number of projects • Recruits and trains other Black Belts and Green Belts • Deploy Six Sigma across various functions and departments

  23. Black Belt • Focuses on 1-3 projects • Full time • Has specific projects • Focus on project execution • Direction comes from Master Black Belt

  24. Green Belt • Focuses on 1-2 projects, part time • Have other job responsibilities • Direction comes from Black Belt • Skilled at project management • Responsible for project progress • Lead planning teams

  25. Other Roles Sponsors: • Owners of processes and systems who initiate and coordinate Six Sigma improvements activities in their area of responsibilities. Financial Controllers: • Ensure validity and reliability of financial figures used by Six Sigma project teams • Assist in development of financial components of initial business case and final cost-benefit analysis

  26. Index • Understanding Six Sigma • Six Sigma Methodologies & Tools • Roles & Responsibilities • Six Essential Improvement Themes

  27. Six Essential Improvement Themes • Focus on the Customer. • Data Fact Driven Management • Process Improvement. • Proactive Management. • “No Boundaries” Collaboration. • Drive for World Class Performance and Perfection

  28. Questions?

  29. Thank you

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