John A. D Angelo US Federal Highway Administration CUPGA 2008 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan

4. Three primary Warm Mix Asphalt Technologies: Two component binder system called WAM-Foam (Warm Asphalt Mix Foam) Synthetic mineral additive Organic additive The FHWA does not endorse any particular proprietary product or technology.Three primary Warm Mix Asphalt Technologies: Two component binder system called WAM-Foam (Warm Asphalt Mix Foam) Synthetic mineral additive Organic additive The FHWA does not endorse any particular proprietary product or technology.

6. There is a tremendous growth in interest in Warm Mix in the US WHY? Fuel costs are up. Bitumen cost have spiked.

7. 2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100) 2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100)

8. Change in Producer Price Indexes (PPI) for Highway Inputs 2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100) 2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100) Cost of Virgin Materials and Transportation Economic Drivers Asphalt prices follow trends in crude oil pricing, which in October 2006 had moderated somewhat. But they also depend on the cost of transportation, which has grown more expensive with the cost of diesel fuel. And asphalt must be kept hot, which adds to its cost. From 2005 to 2006, asphalt prices more than doubled—from $160 per ton to $360—according to Bill Haverland, manager of asphalt sales and marketing for ConocoPhillips Co. in Houston. In some areas of the country, asphalt soared to more than $400 per ton. Barring a major geopolitical upset, asphalt may stay within $350 to $400 per ton this year, says Bill Lampton, president of Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions Inc., a Jackson, Miss., refiner. But because crude oil supply and demand are so closely matched, international events could easily move the price of crude. “If Venezuela places an embargo on the supply of crude to the United States, as President Chavez has threatened to do, asphalt may shoot to $450,” says Lampton. Late last year a number of crude oil refiners announced they'll be adding cokers, which are fueled by asphalt. Lampton says these new cokers are scheduled to come online in 2008 through 2011 and, when they do, they'll put upward pressure on asphalt prices.2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100) 2003 - 2008 (December 2003 = 100) Cost of Virgin Materials and Transportation Economic Drivers Asphalt prices follow trends in crude oil pricing, which in October 2006 had moderated somewhat. But they also depend on the cost of transportation, which has grown more expensive with the cost of diesel fuel. And asphalt must be kept hot, which adds to its cost. From 2005 to 2006, asphalt prices more than doubled—from $160 per ton to $360—according to Bill Haverland, manager of asphalt sales and marketing for ConocoPhillips Co. in Houston. In some areas of the country, asphalt soared to more than $400 per ton. Barring a major geopolitical upset, asphalt may stay within $350 to $400 per ton this year, says Bill Lampton, president of Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions Inc., a Jackson, Miss., refiner. But because crude oil supply and demand are so closely matched, international events could easily move the price of crude. “If Venezuela places an embargo on the supply of crude to the United States, as President Chavez has threatened to do, asphalt may shoot to $450,” says Lampton. Late last year a number of crude oil refiners announced they'll be adding cokers, which are fueled by asphalt. Lampton says these new cokers are scheduled to come online in 2008 through 2011 and, when they do, they'll put upward pressure on asphalt prices.

9. Change in Producer Price Indexes (PPI) for Asphalt

10. Economic Drivers for Using RAP Growth in recycling occurs when it is economical to do so. Warm Mix Technology can improve RAP workability.

11. Fractionated RAP

13. A review of some projects and what we have learned Hall Street St. Louis I70 Colorado Entrance to Yellowstone

14. Hall Street, St. Louis, MO

15. St. Louis Paving Schedule Control (12.5mm PG 70-22) – 5/17/06 Sasobit – 5/18/06 Sasobit – 5/19/06 Evotherm – 5/22/06 Evotherm – 5/23/06 Aspha-Min – 5/25/06

16. Interstate 70, Dillon, CO

18. Construction Highlights

19. Conclusions WMA decreased voids in lab compaction WMA field compaction comparable at lower temps Hamburg moisture damage visibly more in WMA Early WMA performance equal to HMA on the job No rutting, no early distresses Confident that WMA facilitates cold temp. placement Will use more WMA in this corridor if performance is comparable to HMA

20. East Entrance, Yellowstone, WY

25. Mixture Locations

26. Control - 3.82 mm and 4.00 mm Advera - 3.80 mm and 3.25 mm Sasobit - 3.28 mm and 2.60 mm Yellowstone Hamburg

27. FLH-What Have We Learned Field density achieved in all cases Saved ˜ 20% in fuel at the plant Temperature at plant hard to regulate Mix handled similarly Workers noted no handling difficulties No smoke Additives don’t seem to affect mix design Sasobit stiffens binder

28. Objective Evaluate the effects of three Warm Mix process namely Sasobit, Aspha-Min and Evotherm on M320-Table 2 Performance Grade To Compare the Performance Grades of Warm Mix processes with the base asphalt used in preparing warm mix asphalts

29. Hall Street, St. Louis, MO SPECS – PG64-22SPECS – PG64-22

30. Findings Sasobit – increase of one high temp. PG grade Aspha-Min - no effect on PG grade Evotherm recovered at BASF, no effect on the PG grade recovered from the stored emulsion, reduced by one high temp. PG grade

31. Cost Example Fuel usage 2.12 gallons/ton of mix -- Control 1.62 gallons/ton of mix -- Advera 1.80 gallons/ton of mix -- Sasobit • 20 to 25 % fuel savings ˜ $1/ton of mix • Cost for Advera ˜ $3.30/ton of mix • Cost for Sasobit ˜ $2.30/ton of mix Cost occurred in August 2007

32. WMA Technical Working Group (TWG) Formed in 2005 Purpose: Promote Technology Transfer Facilitate Product Approval Methods Encourage Research Develop Quality and Environmental Testing Protocols Provide Guidelines for Mix Design and Construction Identify Other Benefits of WMA

33. www.warmmixasphalt.com Material Testing Framework Emission Testing Framework WMA Best Practices Document Research Needs Identified Developed three (3) research statements Submitted through AASHTO to NCHRP All projects highly ranked by SCOR Total $1.4 million WMA TWG Accomplishments

34. NCHRP Research Projects NCHRP Project 09-43 “Mix Design Practices for Warm Mix Asphalt” $500,000.00 Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC NCHRP Project 09-47 “Engineering Properties, Emissions, and Field Performance” $900,000.00 Principal Investigator: Asphalt Institute The objective of this research is to develop a mix design method for warm mix asphalt (WMA) in the form of a draft AASHTO-recommended practice for use by engineers and technicians in the public and private sectors. This method shall (1) be based on Superpave mix design methodology, (2) include a suite of performance tests to assess whether a WMA mix design will provide satisfactory field service, and (3) be applicable to any WMA technology used to lower mixing and compaction temperatures.The objective of this research is to develop a mix design method for warm mix asphalt (WMA) in the form of a draft AASHTO-recommended practice for use by engineers and technicians in the public and private sectors. This method shall (1) be based on Superpave mix design methodology, (2) include a suite of performance tests to assess whether a WMA mix design will provide satisfactory field service, and (3) be applicable to any WMA technology used to lower mixing and compaction temperatures.

35. Warm Mix Asphalt: Best Practices Quality Improvement Series (QIP) 125 Stockpile Moisture Management Burner Adjustments and Efficiency Aggregate Drying and Baghouse Temperatures Drum Slope and Flighting Combustion Air RAP usage Placement Changes

37. WMA US Implementation To date trial projects have been place in over 50% of the US states. The oldest projects are now 3 to 4 years old with no indication of poor performance. Over 500,000 tons of WMA have been placed. Two states want to use WMA as a alternative to Hot Mix now.

38. WMA US Implementation Major concerns Potential for moisture damage. Long term durability. Mix design changes.

39. Thank You Questions